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Diversity effects were quantified with two complementary metrics. First, for each experiment i, we calculated the proportional difference in the response variable y between the mean value of the most species-rich polyculture p- and the mean value of these same species grown in monoculture m- as the log response ratio LRm- = ln (yip- /yim-). This unitless metric allows us to test whether there is a significant change in y with increasing richness when averaged across all species used in an experiment. We then calculated a complementary metric that quantifies the proportional difference between the mean value of the most species-rich polyculture and that of the taxon having the highest (lowest) mean value of y in monoculture m ¡¯ ,m, as LRm ¡¯ = ln (yip- /yim¡¯), where yim ¡¯is the highest (lowest) value when LRm->0(<0). Testing whether LRm ¡¯>0 is analogous to tests for ¡®transgressive¡¯ overyielding, which are widely used to assess whether diverse polycultures are any more productive than the single most productive species. ±¾ÈË·Ò룺¶àÑùÐÔЧӦ²ÉÓÃ2¸öÖ¸±ê½øÐж¨Á¿»¯¡£Ê×ÏÈ£¬¶ÔÓÚÿ¸öʵÑéi,ÎÒÃǼÆËãÁËÏìÓ¦±äÁ¿y Ôڷḻ¶È×î¸ßµÄÑùµØÎïÖÖ¶àÑùÐÔÖ¸Êýƽ¾ùÖµp-ºÍÏàͬÎïÖÖ¸öÌ寽¾ùÖµm-µÄ±ÈÖµ²ÉÓà ¶ÔÊýº¯Êý×÷ΪÏìӦЧӦ LRm- = ln (yip- /yim-).ÕâÖÖ²â¶È·½·¨ÓÃÀ´ºâÁ¿Ëæ×ŷḻ¶ÈµÄÔö¼Ó£¬ÏìÓ¦±äÁ¿yÊÇ·ñ²úÉúÏÔÖø±ä»¯¡£½Ó×ÅÎÒÃǼÆËãÁ˲¹³¥Ö¸±êÓÃÀ´¶¨Á¿»¯·á¸»¶È×î¸ßµÄÑùµØÎïÖÖ¶àÑùÐÔÖ¸Êýƽ¾ùÖµºÍ¸öÌå·ÖÀà×î¸ß×îµÍµÄƽ¾ùÖµ²îÒìÇé¿ö m ¡¯ ,m, ÓÃLRm ¡¯ = ln (yip- /yim¡¯)±íʾ£¬yim ¡¯±íʾµ± LRm->0(<0)ʱµÄ×î´ó»ò×îСֵ£¬²âÊÔÊÇ·ñ LRm ¡¯>0ÀàËÆÓÚ²âÊÔ³¬²ú£¬¹ã·º±»ÓÃÀ´ÆÀ¹ÀÊÇ·ñ¶àÑùÐÔȺÌå±Èµ¥¸öÉú²úÁ¦×î¸ßµÄÎïÖÖ¾ßÓиü´óµÄÉú²úÁ¦¡£ |
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