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| -Bond activation by atomic metal ions can be explained using a simple donor-acceptor modelSuch reactions require electronic configurations in which there is an empty acceptor orbital on the metal ion into which the electrons of a bond to be broken are donated. Concomitantly, metal electrons in orbitals having pi-symmetry back donate into the antibonding orbital of the bond to be broken. If the acceptor orbital is occupied a repulsive interaction can result leading to inefficient reaction either by more direct abstraction pathways or by introduction of a barrier to the reaction. |
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