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brilliant

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[交流] 叠氮盐及衍生物安全使用指南

Safety in the Handling of Sodium Azide and other Azides
Sodium azide is toxic (LD50 oral (rats)=27 mgkg1) and can be absorbed
through the skin. It decomposes explosively upon heating to
above 2758C; hence its use in airbags in the automotive industry).
Sodium azide reacts vigorously with CS2, bromine, nitric acid,
dimethyl sulfate, and a series of heavy metals, including copper and lead.
In reaction with water or Brønsted acids the highly toxic and explosive
hydrogen azide is released. It has been reported that sodium azide and
polymer-bound azide reagents form explosive di- and triazidomethane
with CH2Cl2 and CHCl3, respectively.[23a]
Heavy-metal azides that are highly explosive under pressure or shock
are formed when solutions of NaN3 or HN3 vapors come into contact
with heavy metals or their salts. Heavy-metal azides can accumulate
under certain circumstances, for example, in metal pipelines and on the
metal components of diverse equipment (rotary evaporators, freezedrying
equipment, cooling traps, water baths, waste pipes), and thus
lead to violent explosions.
Some organic and other covalent azides are classified as toxic[24] and
highly explosive[25] , and appropriate safety measures must be taken at all
times.
from:
Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2005, 44, 5188 – 5240
Organic Azides: An Exploding Diversity of a Unique
Class of Compounds
Stefan Br se,* Carmen Gil, Kerstin Knepper, and Viktor Zimmermann

[ Last edited by brilliant on 2009-6-8 at 21:00 ]

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