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brilliant捐助贵宾 (职业作家)
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叠氮盐及衍生物安全使用指南
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Safety in the Handling of Sodium Azide and other Azides Sodium azide is toxic (LD50 oral (rats)=27 mgkg1) and can be absorbed through the skin. It decomposes explosively upon heating to above 2758C; hence its use in airbags in the automotive industry). Sodium azide reacts vigorously with CS2, bromine, nitric acid, dimethyl sulfate, and a series of heavy metals, including copper and lead. In reaction with water or Brønsted acids the highly toxic and explosive hydrogen azide is released. It has been reported that sodium azide and polymer-bound azide reagents form explosive di- and triazidomethane with CH2Cl2 and CHCl3, respectively.[23a] Heavy-metal azides that are highly explosive under pressure or shock are formed when solutions of NaN3 or HN3 vapors come into contact with heavy metals or their salts. Heavy-metal azides can accumulate under certain circumstances, for example, in metal pipelines and on the metal components of diverse equipment (rotary evaporators, freezedrying equipment, cooling traps, water baths, waste pipes), and thus lead to violent explosions. Some organic and other covalent azides are classified as toxic[24] and highly explosive[25] , and appropriate safety measures must be taken at all times. from: Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2005, 44, 5188 – 5240 Organic Azides: An Exploding Diversity of a Unique Class of Compounds Stefan Br se,* Carmen Gil, Kerstin Knepper, and Viktor Zimmermann [ Last edited by brilliant on 2009-6-8 at 21:00 ] |
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