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| For their importance, large variety and widespread applications compared to other types of DNA biosensors, those based, for instance, on distinctive interactions of small analytes with single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) and double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) and in polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplicon detection without hybridization are the subject of hybridization based DNA biosensors justifies, by itself, a new and comprehensive overview, something that this paper intends to be. |
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3楼2009-02-25 22:02:07
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2楼2009-02-25 21:26:48
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上下文是：The enormous amount of genetic information brought by extensive genome sequencing has raised the need for simple, fast, cheap and high-throughput miniaturized and mass-producible analytical devices to attend the growing market of molecular diagnostics, thus accomplishing the basic criteria for decentralized DNA testing. Genome sequencing has allowed detecting, respectively, inherited disease-causing point mutations and human pathogens through their peculiar, specific nucleic acid sequences. Drug screening, monitoring of differential gene expression and forensic analysis have also benefited from the ongoing research in biosensor technology. Such analytical devices, known as biosensors, convert a biochemical reaction or interaction into an analytical signal that can be further amplified, processed and recorded. Among them, DNA biosensors consist of an immobilized DNA strand to detect the complimentary sequence by DNA–DNA hybridization. In a wider conception, DNA biosensors may still be conceived to detect other analytes, with the probe molecule usually in the form of an aptamer [1], but the study of these sensors is beyond the scope of this review. For their importance, large variety and widespread applications compared to other types of DNA biosensors, those based, for instance, on distinctive interactions of small analytes with single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) and double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) and in polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplicon detection without hybridization are the subject of hybridizationbased DNA biosensors justifies, by itself, a new and comprehensive overview, something that this paper intends to be. Compared to enzyme biosensors and immunosensors, there is still a scarcity of DNA biosensors available in the market and/or under research and development. Unlike enzymes or antibodies, DNA forms biological recognition layers easily synthesizable, highly stable and reusable after simple thermal melting of the DNA duplex [2]. |
4楼2009-02-26 09:25:34
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