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2009年巨献-《Functional Organic Materials 》
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http://www.namipan.com/d/9cb2cf4 ... 8a935b57fb5b8b5a900 下载一定要顶哟！ Preface Functional organic materials constitute a combination of diverse fields that range from carbon nanotubes to self-assembled polymers but encompass also nonlinear optical effects, the organic solid state and the construction of chiral materials. We, as the two Editors, have tried to put together an overview over the development of modern functional organic materials in this book. The content is divided into four different sections, which deal with 3-D carbon-rich systems (I), strategic advances in synthesis (II), molecular muscles, switches and electronics (III) and the interplay of electronic interaction and structure (IV). Renowned experts in each field give an introduction to/overview of each of their selected thematic fields, making an easy entry for readers into the respective field. The book is intended both for active scientists working in the field of organic materials, in academe and in industry, and also for graduate students who are interested in this area. Owing to the daunting scope of the topic, the book is not intended to be comprehensive, but rather presents selected highlights that are deemed of particular importance. In the first part, 3-D carbon-rich systems, Hirsch and Vostrovski (Chapter 1) describe the strategies for attaching chemical functionalities to CNTs to make these fascinating materials processable. Solubilization allows tailoring of the interactions of nanotubes with semiconductors and (bio)polymer matrices. The authors describe the chemical and physical functionalization of single-walled and multiple- walled carbon nanotubes, of individual tubes and of bundles. Covalent functionalization of the nanotubes’ carbon scaffold can be performed at the tubes’ termini, at the sidewalls and at defect sites of enhanced reactivity. Physical functionalization is a noncovalent attachment of functions, based on complexation and adsorption forces, van der Waals and p-stacking effects. The authors discuss the functionalization of nanotubes comprehensively and show how functionalized nanotubes connect to biologically active environs and advanced devices. In Chapter 2, Matsuo and Nakamura describe the synthetic developments of a subgroup of bowl-shaped p-conjugated corannulenes and expand the topic to the discussion of the synthesis of a novel class of organic fluorophores derived from C60, hoop-shaped condensed aromatic compounds. They are made by selective removal of ten sp2 carbon centers out of conjugation from the north and south pole regions of C60. The resulting 40-p-electron [10]cyclophenacenes excised from the equatorial region of the fullerene molecule are chemically stable, yellowluminescent, non-conventional p-systems. The second part of the book deals with strategic advances in the synthesis of organic materials. This part is ushered in by the contribution of Scherf and colleagues, who describe in Chapter 3 the synthesis and characterization of cruciform, p-conjugated oligomers. The so-called cruciform approach leads to compounds with increased solubility and allows solution processing of such materials to produce homogeneous thin films and layers. Cruciform oligothiophene dimers have been used as active, semiconducting layer in solution-processed OFETs with a high hole mobility. Other examples of such cruciforms involve oligophenylenevinylene- type, oligophenyleneethynylene-type and oligophenylene-type cruciforms. The approach allows the introduction of donor or acceptor substituents leading to spatially addressable electronic properties in small molecule materials. The introduction of the heavier main group elements, particularly phosphorus, is reviewed in Chapter 4 by Dyer and Rau. The authors describe the use of P-containing building blocks (phospholes, phosphino groups or trivalent phospha- and diphospha-alkenes) for the design of conjugated systems. They illustrate the specific advantages offered by organophosphorus synthons compared with their widely used sulfur or nitrogen analogues. The possibility of chemically modifying P-centers provides a unique way to create structural diversity and to tailor conjugated systems for optoelectronic applications. The coordination ability of P-centers towards transition metals offers additional opportunities to build supramolecular architectures in which the p-systems can be organized in a defined manner and with significant changes to its electronic properties. In Chapter 5, Mller provides an overview over multi-component processes, domino reactions and sequential transformations in diversity-oriented syntheses. The author demonstrates that multi-component reactions (MCRs), having found broad application in pharmaceutical high-throughput screening and lead finding, can also be used in the design and construction of functional p-electron systems (chromophores, fluorophores, electrophores). The author shows the developments of the last decade that led to adaptations of diversity-oriented approaches. New strategies, developments and perspectives of diversity oriented syntheses of functional p-electron systems are summarized and highlighted. Most of the systems described in Chapter 5 contain small- or medium-sized or multinuclear benzenoid and non-benzenoid arenes. In Chapter 6, Hger gives an overview over the mastery of the synthesis of macro- and megacycles. He shows different approaches towards shape-persistent macrocycles and carefully examines and discusses selected examples that display the advantages and disadvantages of macrocycle synthesis under kinetic and thermodynamic control. The template approach (both supramolecular and covalent) towards functionalized rings is also discussed and introduces a strong motif of supramolecular chemistry, which is much further developed but in a more polymer-oriented topic, in the next chapter. In Chapter 7 Carlise and Weck discuss the design and synthesis of multifunctionalized, architecturally controlled polymers as a prerequisite for a variety of future --------- |
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