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[资源] Coal Combustion Byproducts and Environmental Issues

Preface
The massive  accumulation of  coal fly  ash generated by electric power plants  during fos-
sil  fuel  combustion has  become a major  environmental health  concern  in  the  United
States. Even though, stringent environmental regulations have been mandated by  the En-
vironmental Protection Agency through  the  Clean  Air Act,  Clean Water Act,  and  the
Resource  Conservation and Recovery  Act, coal  combustion  products continue  to  pose
serious  environmental  concerns  due to  our major reliance  upon  fossil fuels  to  meet
ever increasing  demands for  energy production within  the  United  States. The  concen-
trations  of  trace elements  in  coal  residues are  extremely variable and  depend  upon  the
composition  of  the  original  coal, conditions experienced during combustion, the  effi-
ciency of emission control devices, storage and handling procedures, and overall climatic
conditions.
The  research  papers  carefully selected  for  publication within  this  book were origi-
nally  presented  as  a  part  of  the  Seventh International  Conference  on  the Biogeochem-
istry of Trace Elements held at the Swedish University of Agricultural  Sciences, Uppsala,
Sweden, from  June  15-19,  2003. This conference offered  the unique opportunity  for in-
ternational  scientists and scholars  to  share the most current knowledge concerning the
source, pathways,  behavior,  interactions,  and effects  of  trace elements in  soils, water,
plants, and animals. Notably,  this  book  also contains the  invited research  papers  from
leading scientists who have  conducted  significant research within  the area  of  coal and
coal combustion products. All  of  the  research  papers presented  herein have been  sub-
jected  to  a  peer review process.  The  editors  have  arranged the articles  systematically
by  topic, beginning with introductory  chapter entitled "Production  of  Coal Combustion
Products  and Their Potential Uses" followed by  the  sections on Environmental  Impact
of  Coal Combustion  Residues, Trace Elements  in  Fly Ashes, Transport and Leachabil-
ity of Metals from Coal and Ash Piles, and  the Use of  Coal Ash as an Agricultural Soil
Amendment.
This book  addresses the major  implications and critical  issues surrounding  coal com-
bustion products  and their impact  upon  the  environment. It provides invaluable infor-
mation particularly to  scientists  specializing and  conducting  research in coal and coal
combustion  products.  Even  so, it  will  certainly appeal beyond  this  initial target  au-
dience  to  serve a wide variety  of  scientists,  scholars, academicians,  and professionals
within  the  fields of  public health,  engineering, energy industry, and  a wide realm  of  en-
vironmental science  related disciplines. It  is our sincere  endeavor that  this volume  of
work will  serve  as  a  valuable  resource tool  for  those engaged  in  fossil fuel  energy  re-
search to benefit both  our economy  and environment to  assure quality  of  life  for future
generations.
The editors wish  to generously  express their  genuine appreciation  and gratitude to all
of the contributing authors for their professional  insight and scientific contributions  to this
body  of  knowledge,  along with  their diligence and  patience  throughout  the publication
process.
Kenneth S. Sajwan
Irena Twardowska
Tracy Punshon
Ashok K. Alva

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