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ÌâÄ¿£ºCharacteristics of negative lightning leaders to ground observed by TVLS ÔÓÖ¾£ºJournal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics Êý¾Ý¿â£ºSD DOI£º10.1016/j.jastp.2015.07.008 ¾í£º136, Part A Äê·Ý£º2015 |
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stone7058: ½ð±Ò+5, ¡ï¡ï¡ï¡ï¡ï×î¼Ñ´ð°¸ 2016-10-11 07:49:21
lazy½õϪ: LS-EPI+1 2016-10-11 10:59:20
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stone7058: ½ð±Ò+5, ¡ï¡ï¡ï¡ï¡ï×î¼Ñ´ð°¸ 2016-10-11 07:49:21
lazy½õϪ: LS-EPI+1 2016-10-11 10:59:20
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Characteristics of negative lightning leaders to ground observed by TVLS ×÷Õß:Qiu, S (Qiu, Shi)[ 1 ] ; Jiang, ZD (Jiang, Zhidong)[ 1 ] ; Shi, LH (Shi, Lihua)[ 1 ] ; Niu, ZC (Niu, Zhencong)[ 2 ] ; Zhang, P (Zhang, Peng)[ 3 ] JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND SOLAR-TERRESTRIAL PHYSICS ¾í: 136 Ò³: 31-38 ×Ó¼: A ÌØ¿¯: SI DOI: 10.1016/j.jastp.2015.07.008 ³ö°æÄê: DEC 2015 ²é¿´ÆÚ¿¯ÐÅÏ¢ ÕªÒª The Thunder and VHF lightning Locating System (termed TVLS) is established and utilized to observe leader behaviors of negative cloud to ground (CG) flashes. This system takes advantages of VHF broad-band interferometer and thunder imaging technique, which could provide the temporal and quasi-3D spatial evolution of lightning discharges. In conjunction with synchronized electric field changes (E-changes) and electric field derivatives (dE/dt) records, 10 leaders from two CG flashes are presented and analyzed. Based on the characteristic evolution of leader velocities, E-changes, dE/dt waveforms and VHF intervals, three stepped leaders, five dart leaders and two dart-stepped leaders are identified. The stepped leaders behave impulsive while approaching ground, with average speed (1.3 similar to 3.9) x 10(5) m/s. All normal dart leaders presented here exhibit irregular (or termed "chaotic" fluctuations in E-change and dE/dt waveforms, with the similar speeds ((1.0 similar to 2.9) x 10(7) m/s) and durations ((300 similar to 700) mu s) of the "chaotic" leaders observed by other investigators. The irregular fluctuations would be weak if the channels keep conductive until the leader enters the less conductive branches, coinciding with VHF radiations in time sequence. The dart-stepped leader could be divided into the dart stage and the stepped stage by a transition region, which usually lies around the branch junctions of previous active channel. The dart stage resembles the normal dart leader, and the stepped stage usually associates with regular pulse trains in E-change and dE/dt waveforms. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.¹Ø¼ü´Ê ×÷Õ߹ؼü´Ê:Lightning leader; Dart-stepped; Chaotic; TVLS KeyWords Plus:RETURN STROKES ×÷ÕßÐÅÏ¢ ͨѶ×÷ÕßµØÖ·: Qiu, S (ͨѶ×÷Õß) ÏÔʾÔöÇ¿×éÖ¯ÐÅÏ¢µÄÃû³Æ PLA Univ Sci & Technol, Natl Key Lab Electromagnet Environm Effects & Ele, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. µØÖ·: ÏÔʾÔöÇ¿×éÖ¯ÐÅÏ¢µÄÃû³Æ [ 1 ] PLA Univ Sci & Technol, Natl Key Lab Electromagnet Environm Effects & Ele, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China [ 2 ] Army Aviat Inst, Beijing, Peoples R China ÏÔʾÔöÇ¿×éÖ¯ÐÅÏ¢µÄÃû³Æ [ 3 ] PLA Univ Sci & Technol, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China µç×ÓÓʼþµØÖ·:zeustone@yeah.net; jzd19851102@163.com; shilih@tom.com; gamit@163.comt; radarpeng@126.com »ù½ð×ÊÖúÖÂл »ù½ð×ÊÖú»ú¹¹ ÊÚȨºÅ National Natural Science Foundation of China 61301063 ²é¿´»ù½ð×ÊÖúÐÅÏ¢ ³ö°æÉÌ PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD, THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND Àà±ð / ·ÖÀà Ñо¿·½Ïò:Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences Web of Science Àà±ð:Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences ÎÄÏ×ÐÅÏ¢ ÎÄÏ×ÀàÐÍ:Article ÓïÖÖ:English Èë²ØºÅ: WOS:000366789900006 ISSN: 1364-6826 eISSN: 1879-1824 ÆÚ¿¯ÐÅÏ¢ Impact Factor (Ó°ÏìÒò×Ó): Journal Citation Reports® ÆäËûÐÅÏ¢ IDS ºÅ: CZ0JA Web of Science ºËÐĺϼ¯ÖÐµÄ "ÒýÓõIJο¼ÎÄÏ×": 20 Web of Science ºËÐĺϼ¯ÖÐµÄ "±»ÒýƵ´Î": 0 |

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fluctuations in E-change and dE/dt waveforms, with the similar speeds ((1.0 similar to 2.9) x 10(7) m/s) and durations ((300 similar to 700) mu s) of the "chaotic" leaders observed by other investigators. The irregular fluctuations would be weak if the channels keep conductive until the leader enters the less conductive branches, coinciding with VHF radiations in time sequence. The dart-stepped leader could be divided into the dart stage and the stepped stage by a transition region, which usually lies around the branch junctions of previous active channel. The dart stage resembles the normal dart leader, and the stepped stage usually associates with regular pulse trains in E-change and dE/dt waveforms. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.