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Hydrolysis of Metal Ions
×÷ÕßPaul L. Brown
Christian Ekberg
Ò³Êý945
³ö°æÉç wiley
Print ISBN: 978-3-527-33010-2
ePDF ISBN: 978-3-527-65621-9
ePub ISBN: 978-3-527-65620-2
Mobi ISBN: 978-3-527-65619-6
oBook ISBN: 978-3-527-65618-9Contents
Volume 1
Preface XIII
1 Introduction 1
References 4
2 Theory 7
2.1 Hydrolysis Reactions and Stability/Solubility Constants 7
2.2 Debye¨CH¨¹ckelTheory 9
2.3 Osmotic Coefficient 12
2.4 Specific Ion Interaction Theory 14
2.5 Determination of Temperature-Dependent Parameters 17
2.6 Determination of Ion Interaction Parameters from Activity
and Osmotic Coefficient Data 18
2.7 Determination of Ion Interaction Parameters for KOH
at Temperatures Other than 25 ¡ãC 22
2.8 Activity ofWater 23
2.9 Enthalpy and Entropy 24
2.10 Estimation of Stability and Solubility Constants 26
References 28
3 Methodologies for Determining Stability/Solubility Constants 31
3.1 Introduction 31
3.2 Potentiometry 31
3.2.1 Considerations and Limitations 37
3.3 Liquid¨CLiquid Extraction 37
3.3.1 Considerations and Limitations 41
3.4 Solid¨CLiquid Extraction 42
3.4.1 Considerations and Limitations 43
3.5 Solubility 44
3.5.1 Considerations and Limitations 453.6.1 Considerations and Limitations 48
3.7 Experimental Uncertainties 49
3.7.1 Uncertainties in Data Points 49
3.7.2 Uncertainties in Fitted Parameters 51
3.7.3 Correlations 52
References 53
4 Statistical Analysis and Selection Criteria 55
4.1 Uncertainty Assessment 55
4.1.1 Uncertainty Assignment Based on Number of Available Data 55
4.1.2 Propagation of Uncertainties 56
4.2 Selection of Stability and Solubility Constants 57
References 60
5 Water 61
5.1 Physical Properties ofWater 61
5.2 Protolysis ofWater at Zero Ionic Strength 65
5.3 Protolysis ofWater in Media of Fixed Ionic Strength at 25 ¡ãC 68
5.4 Protolysis ofWater in Media of Fixed Ionic Strength at Other
Temperatures 72
5.5 Enthalpy, Entropy and Heat Capacity 73
5.6 Collation and Assessment of Literature Data 77
5.6.1 Zero Ionic Strength 77
5.6.2 Ionic Strength Dependence 86
5.6.2.1 Cesium Chloride 86
5.6.2.2 Tetramethylammonium Chloride 89
5.6.2.3 Sodium Chloride 89
5.6.2.4 Potassium Chloride 102
5.6.2.5 Lithium Chloride 107
5.6.2.6 Barium Chloride 111
5.6.2.7 Sodium Perchlorate 113
5.6.2.8 Lithium Perchlorate 115
5.6.2.9 Potassium Iodide 118
5.6.2.10 Potassium Nitrate 118
5.6.2.11 Sodium Nitrate 119
5.6.2.12 Sodium Triflate 122
5.6.2.13 Sodium Sulfate 126
5.7 Zero Ionic Strength Data at High Pressure 128
5.8 Comparative Strength of the Protolysis Constant ofWater 128
References 130
6 AlkaliMetals 135
6.1 Introduction 1356.2.1 Selection of Thermochemical Data 136
6.2.1.1 Temperature Dependence 136
6.2.1.2 Ionic Strength Dependence 137
6.2.1.3 Thermodynamic Parameters 138
6.2.2 Collation and Assessment of Literature Data 138
6.3 Sodium 142
6.3.1 Selection of Thermochemical Data 142
6.3.1.1 Temperature Dependence 142
6.3.1.2 Ionic Strength Dependence 143
6.3.1.3 Thermodynamic Parameters 143
6.3.2 Collation and Assessment of Literature Data 143
6.4 Potassium 148
6.4.1 Selection of Thermochemical Data 148
6.4.1.1 Temperature Dependence 148
6.4.1.2 Ionic Strength Dependence 149
6.4.1.3 Thermodynamic Parameters 149
6.4.2 Collation and Assessment of Literature Data 149
6.5 Rubidium, Cesium and Francium 150
References 151
7 Alkaline Earth Metals 155
7.1 Beryllium 155
7.1.1 Introduction 155
7.1.2 Selection of Thermochemical Data 156
7.1.2.1 Temperature Dependence 156
7.1.2.2 Ionic Strength Dependence 160
7.1.2.3 Thermodynamic Parameters 165
7.1.3 Collation and Assessment of Literature Data 166
7.1.4 Speciation 177
7.2 Magnesium 178
7.2.1 Introduction 178
7.2.2 Selection of Thermochemical Data 179
7.2.2.1 Temperature Dependence 179
7.2.2.2 Ionic Strength Dependence 182
7.2.2.3 Thermodynamic Parameters 183
7.2.3 Collation and Assessment of Literature Data 184
7.2.4 Speciation 194
7.3 Calcium 195
7.3.1 Introduction 195
7.3.2 Selection of Thermochemical Data 195
7.3.2.1 Temperature Dependence 195
7.3.2.2 Ionic Strength Dependence 198
7.3.2.3 Thermodynamic Parameters 199
7.3.3 Collation and Assessment of Literature Data 200½ðÊôÀë×ÓË®½â 2016 ×îÐÂÊé¼®
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