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[交流] 看一篇顶你三个月摸索套模板让 SCI 飞.......

SCI 论文不好写，主要障碍在英语上，其实就像以前考四六级考研一样，撰写也是有规律可循，有模版可靠。

Abstract

越简单越好，字数控制在 150～250 words.

具体怎么写呢？先简单描述一下课题的前沿背景，然后引出自己的实验（ In this paper…. or Here, we…）主要陈述实验结果，可稍带提一下所用到的重要方法的名称，然后说明你的结果的意义 These data suggest….；最后总结拔高 In a word…. or In summary…..。

举个栗子：

[Background]Acetolactate synthase (ALS) is the key enzyme in isobutanol biosynthetic pathway. Efficient expression of ALS is of great significance for the regulation of isobutanol metabolic pathway. [Methods]The acetolactate synthase gene (alsS) from Bacillus subtilis was amplified by PCR with primers designed according to the sequence of alsS in GeneBank, which is 1 713 bp. Then the alsS was cloned into the expression vector of pET-30a(+). The resulted recombinant plasmid was transformed into Escherichia coli BL2l(DE3) for the overexpression of alsS. [Results]The heterologous expression conditions was optimized to be inducted at an OD600 of 0.6−0.8, 30 °C with 1 mmol/L IPTG for 6 h . ALS was mostly expressed in the supernatant with the activity of 24.4 U/mL, which was improved for 7.13 times. Electrophoretically pure ALS was obtained after HisTrapTMFF affinity chromatography with the specific activity of 95.2 U/mg. [Conclusion]These results contributed to the construction of isobutanol biosynthetic pathway in E. coli.

Introduction

描述你所研究课题的研究现状及存在的问题，自然地过度到你的实验意义和重要性。「Although…..there are still… so far」「Here, for the first time, we have used…..」。如果你前面已发过相关的文章，要插入引用一下「We recently showed that…..」或「Our previous studies have shown that… . These results verify that…..」「Here…..」「 To explore this hypothesis, we generated….」.

写好 Introduction 相当于是写综述，需要阅读大量的文献进行梳理总结。这估计不是套个模板就能了事，我们下期再聊。

Materials and Methods

这部分比较简单，基本上书本上都有，比如 PCR、酶活测定等，结合自己的课题做些调整即可，或则直接说具体见某文章或某书。

Results

这一部分比较难写。既要按照一定的逻辑顺序组织内容，又要对实验现象做出解释，还要描述准确、专业。

开头先总结性地概括，然后针对实验结果做点评。描述你的实验操作和看到的结果和表面现象时用过去时态，陈述不结论性的内容时用一般现在时。

描述实验操作常用的短语及句式有:

In order to prove…., we used…
To demonstrate…., we further…
Thus, at current time, we have evidence that…
We found that…
We have noticed that…
It’s known that….
So we introduced….in our study
We next characterized…
Next, we examined the effect of…
We next set out to determine whether….
Lastly, we examined…...

描述结论性内容或承接关系常用的词有：Notably 、Importantly、Furthermore、Moreover、Consistently/Consistent with、Compared with、In contrast、As shown in Fig. 1、Fig. 1 shows….、Taken together, these results suggest、These data suggest that、These data are consistent with the notion that.

Discussion

这一部分最重要，也最难写。讨论部分也最体现一个人写作实力，写好非一日之功，多研读大牛杂志能帮你找到一些句式和撰写思路。

首先，这部分不要过多地罗列和重复结果部分的内容，可以就你的实验结果论述与你的结果密切相关的研究现状存在的一系列问题，你的工作是解决的哪一部分问题。

其次，讨论要延伸出很多结果部分所体现不出来的信息，比如你的课题有哪些优势、你的课题对社会有何影响、实验结果存在的问题、课题局限性及原因分析、将来可以改进的地方等等。

最后，给大家介绍一些常用的短语和句式：

开头部分：Overall, our studies establish the….
Although there are important discoveries revealed by these studies, there are also limitations.

中间过程：First,…..Second,…..Third,…..Fourth,…Last,…Overall,…
Furthermore, our results suggest that
Our studies serve as a proof-of-concept that….This could explain why…..Alternatively, …. may be operative….Thus, future iterations of ….. may in fact demonstrate even greater potency

最后结论：n summary, we have identified…../Our results confirm that…../These studies thus offer a new strategy to treat…..

Acknowledgements

这一部分原本是用来感谢给你帮助的人，比如给过你质粒或其它材料的。现在已经被玩坏了，有人用文言文写，也有人作诗，还有人只谢了一句话。大家可以自由发挥。

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