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专业: 化学生物学与生物有机化学

[交流] 虫族的化学炸弹-对苯二酚遇上过氧化氢已有1人参与

最近，科学家在同步辐射X射线成像技术的帮助下“看到”活的射炮步甲（Bombardier Beetles，Brachinini）的攻击性的分泌物过程。射炮步甲的两个腺体，分别分泌对苯二酚和过氧化氢。当遇到危险时，腹部肌肉立即收缩，并打开一个名为内腔阀的结构，使两种物质在一个含酶的小室里混合——这将发生剧烈的化学反应，生成褐色刺激性的1,4-苯醌和水，并释放大量的热，瞬间可达100摄氏度以上，水立刻沸腾，压力突然增大，可将刺激性物质由射炮步甲的腹部后方喷射出来，射向敌人。同时，当发生反应时，一种称为弹性膜的柔性结构不断膨胀，关闭了内腔阀，阻止化合物的流动。当喷射出化合物时，腔内压力下降，而阀门又将再次打开，完成新一轮的过氧化氢与对苯二酚的化学反应。

Bombardier beetles (Brachinini) use a rapid series of discrete explosions inside their pygidial gland reaction chambers to produce a hot, pulsed, quinone-based defensive spray. The mechanism of brachinines’ spray pulsation was explored using anatomical studies and direct observation of explosions inside living beetles using synchrotron x-ray imaging. Quantification of the dynamics of vapor inside the reaction chamber indicates that spray pulsation is controlled by specialized, contiguous cuticular structures located at the junction between the reservoir (reactant) and reaction chambers. Kinematics models suggest passive mediation of spray pulsation by mechanical feedback from the explosion,

causing displacement of these structures.
DOI: 10.1126/science.1261166
Science 1 May 2015: Vol. 348 no. 6234 pp. 563-567

Related products Macklin can offer to you：
Cas 项目号中文名称规格
123-31-9 H811112 对苯二酚 AR,99%
123-31-9 H811114 对苯二酚 ≥99.0% (HPLC)
7722-84-1 H811240 过氧化氢溶液(双氧水) 30 wt. % in H2O
106-51-4 B802579 对苯醌 97%
106-51-4 B802580 对苯醌 99%

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