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incomplete phrases, which are different from what they learn from their
listening course. Usually, foreign participants are used to the ideal
strings of complete, perfectly formed sentences, as they are taught to
speak slowly and clearly and his teacher generally addresses the class
in a slow and clear styleÒ»¾äÖУ¬participantsÊǸö¸´ÊýÃû´Ê£¬´Ë´¦Ö¸²Î¼Ó¹ú¼Ê»áÒéµÄÁ½¸öÒÔÉϵÄÖйúÈË£¬¿ÉÊǺóÃæÕâ¸öheÈ´À´µÃ·Ç³£Í»Ø££¬Ëü¾¿¾¹ÊÇÖ¸Ë­ÄØ£¿¸ù¾ÝÉÏÏÂÎÄÄÑÒÔÍÆ¶Ï¡£´ËºóµÄµÚÒ»¸ötheyÏëÀ´ÊÇÖ¸native speakers£¬ºóÒ»¸ötheyÔòÖ¸²Î¼Ó¹ú¼Ê»áÒéµÄÖйúÈË£¬µ«ÊÇforeign participants£¨Íâ¹úÓë»áÕߣ©¾ÍÓÖ½ÐÈ˲»ÖªËùÖ¸ÁË¡£Èç¹ûÖйúѧÕßÈ¥¾³Íâ¹ú¼Ò²Î¼Ó¹ú¼Ê»áÒ飬ÄÇôÕâ¸ö´Ê¿ÉÒÔ°üÀ¨ÖйúÈË£»ÈôÊǹú¼Ê»áÒéÔÚÖйú¾ÙÐУ¬ÄÇôËü¾ÍÓ¦¸ÃÖ¸·ÇÖйúÈËÁË¡£ÔÙÍùºóµÄtheyËäÈ»ºÍforeign participantsµÄËùÖ¸Ò»Ö£¬µ«ÊÇhis teacherÓÖ³öÏֵúÜͻȻ£¬ÁîÈËÈç×¹ÔÆÎí¡£Ô­¾ä×Ó¸Ä×÷One (reason) is that when the Chinese participants listen to native
speakers talking at international conferences, they note that the
speakers produce partial sentences and incomplete phrases, which
are different from what they have learned from their listening
courses taught in China. Usually Chinese scholars are used to the
ideal strings of complete, perfectly-formed sentences as they have
been taught to speak slowly and clearly and their teachers generally
address the class in a slow and clear style£¬¶ÁÆðÀ´Òâ˼²Å±È½ÏÇå³þ¡£

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said£¬¾äÖеÄinterestºó£¬Ó¦¸ú½é´Êin¶ø²»ÊÇto£»attribute to£¨°Ñ[ijÊÂ]¹éÒòÓÚ¡­¡­£©Ôڴ˲»½öϵÓôʴíÎ󣬶øÇÒ»¹Òò´ÊβȱÉÙ±íʾ¶¯´Êµ¥ÊýµÄs£¬ÓëÖ÷ÓïinterestÐγÉÁËÊýµÄ²»Ò»Ö£¬Ó¦¸ÄΪcontributes to£¨ÓÐÖúÓÚ£©¡£ÁíÍ⣬listeners¡¯£¨Ãû´Ê¸´ÊýËùÓиñ£©ºÍhis£¨µ¥Êý£©understanding£¬ÓÖÔì³ÉÁËÊýµÄ²»Ò»Ö¡£È«¾äÄâ¸ÄΪthe listener¡¯s own interest in the speaker¡¯s presentation contributes
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are led into what follows easilyÕâ¸ö¾ä×ÓÖУ¬audienceÔÚǰ°ë¾äÖб»ÊÓΪµ¥Êý£¬Òò´ËºóÃæÓÃÁËÒ»¸öµ¥ÊýµÄνÓﶯ´Êtends£¬µ«ÊÇÔÚºó°ë¾äÖÐÓÖÓÃÁ˸´ÊýµÄare led£¬´Ó¶øÔì³ÉÁËÖ÷νÓïÔÚÊýµÄ¹ØÏµÉϲ»Ò»ÖµÄÓï·¨´íÎ󡣸üʹÈ˳ԾªµÄÊÇ£¬ÑÏÖØµÄÓï·¨´íÎó¾¹È»Ò²³öÏÖÔÚ±àÖøÕߵġ°×÷Õß¼ò½é¡±µ±ÖУ¬ÈçHis research fields are discourse analysis and bilingual translation. He has
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ΪÁ˳öÊ飬±àÖøÕß´Ó»¥ÁªÍøÉÏÏÂÔØÁ˲»ÉÙËØ²Ä£¬²¢ÇÒ²»¼Ó˼±æµØÖ±½ÓÓÃÔÚ¡¶¹ú¼Ê¡·À´Ó¶øÔì³ÉÁËÈËÔÆÒàÔÆ£¬ÒÔ¶ï´«¶ï£¬Ò»´íÔÙ´íµÄºó¹û£¬ÈçµÚ5Ò³ÓÐÒ»¾äThe city resumed its name Nanjing in the 1912 Revolution led by Dr. Sun Yatsen¡£ÊÂʵÉÏ£¬ËïÖÐɽÏÈÉúÁìµ¼µÄÐÁº¥¸ïÃü£¬ÊÇ1911Äê10ÔÂ10ÈÕ±¬·¢µÄ£¬Òò´Ë¡°ÐÁº¥¸ïÃü¡±µÄÓ¢Ò룬ÊÇthe 1911 Revolution¡£¾äÖеÄthe 1912 Revolution£¬ÁîÈ˲»ÖªËùÔÆ¡£¡¶¹ú¼Ê¡·ÖгöÏÖÕâÑùµÄ³£Ê¶ÐÔ´íÎó£¬ÊµÔÚÊÇÌ«²»Ó¦¸ÃÁË¡£

ÈËÔÆÒàÔÆ¡¢ÒÔ¶ï´«¶ïµÄÀý×ÓÔÚ¡¶¹ú¼Ê¡·Öв¢·Çº±¼û£¬Èç»Æ¹úÎÄ£¨¡¶¹ú¼Ê¡·±àί֮һ¡¢Ó¢Óï½ÌÊÚ¡¢¹¦ÄÜר¼Ò£©ÔÚÒ»¸öÃûΪ¡°¹ú¼ÊÓïÆª&8226;·­ÒëÑÐÌֻᡱÉÏÖµıÕÄ»´Ê£¬¾Í±»±àÖøÕß×÷Ϊ·¶ÎÄ£¬ÊÕ¼ÔÚ¡¶¹ú¼Ê¡·µÄµÚ15Ò³¡£»ÆÔÚ±ÕÄ»´ÊÖÐÊ×ÏȶÔÈ«ÌåÓë»áÕß±íʾ¸Ðл£¬½ÓןÐл»áÒéµÄÖ÷³ÖÈË£¬¿ÉÊÇËû˵µÄÓ¢ÓïÈ´ÊÇOn behalf of all the members of our Organizing Committee, I wish to express
our sincere gratitude to all of you who have so actively participated in
this Conference to make it such a success. First of all, thanks to the
chairmen for the conference and the efficient way in which they handled
their sessions and second, to the speakers for their excellent presentations¡£·²ÊÇѧ¹ýÓ¢ÓïµÄÈ˶¼ÖªµÀ£¬¡°thanks to¡±µÄÒâ˼²»ÊÇ¡°¸Ðл¡±£¬¶øÊÇ¡°ÒòΪ/ÓÉÓÚ¡±£¬Òò´Ë»ÆËµÁËÒ»¾äÓÐÍ·ÎÞβµÄ´í»°£¬±àÖøÕß²»½öûÓÐÓèÒÔ¸üÕý£¬Ò²Ã»ÓÐÔÚ¾äºó°´¹ßÀý¼ÓÉÏsic£¨Ô­ÎÄÈç´Ë£©£¬ÒÔʾ¶ÔÒýÎÄ´æÒÉ£¬¶øÊÇðÐðÄѧÉ࣬¹ã¶øÓÃÖ®£¬½öÔÚ¡¶¹ú¼Ê¡·µÄ¡°Ãùл¡±²¿·Ö¾Í³öÏÖÁ½Àý£¬ÈçThanks to our colleagues, Guo Yidun, Lai Peng, Feng Wei for their helpful ideas and
suggestions on this courseºÍSpecial thanks to our students, who offered
many of the samples in this book¡£ÓÉ´Ë¿ÉÒÔÍÆÏ룬´íÎóµÄ½Ì¿ÆÊé»á¶Ô¶ÁÕߺÍÉç»áÔì³É¶àô¶ñÁÓµÄÓ°Ï죡˳±ãÖ¸³ö£¬»ÆµÄÕâÁ½¾ä»°Öл¹º¬ÓÐÁíÍâÁ½¸ö´íÎó£ºÒ»ÎªÂß¼­´íÎó£¬ÒòΪÔÚ¸ÐлÁËËùÓÐÓë»áÕߣ¨all of you£©ºó£¬¾Í²»ÄÜÔÙÓÃFirst of all£¨Ê×ÏÈ£©ºÍand second£¨Æä´Î£©£¬¶øÖ»ÄÜ˵¡°ÒªÌرð¸Ðл¡­¡­¡±£»¶þÊÇÔÚ´ËÓï¾³ÖУ¬for the conferenceÒ²²»ÄܺÍfor the efficient way²¢ÁУ¬ÒòΪǰһ¸öforÓÐofµÄÒâ˼£¬ºóÒ»¸öÔòûÓС£

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¡¶¹ú¼Ê¡·µÚ118Ò³µÄAs the second topic, I shall stop hereÒ»¾ä£¬°Ñ¡°ÎÒ¡±ºÍ¡°µÚ¶þ¸öÖ÷Ì⡱µÈͬ£¬¼´¡°ÎÒ¡±¾ÍÊÇ¡°µÚ¶þ¸öÖ÷Ì⡱£¬ÏÔÈ»ºÜ»ÄÌÆ£¬Ó¦¸ÄΪAs for/to the second topic, I shall stop here£»µÚ119Ò³µÄBeing the most important part of my presentation, I will
elaborate on it with more slides£¬Ò²´æÔÚͬÑùµÄç¢Â©¡£µÚ116Ò³µÄMake the audience clear where the testimony starts and where it ends£¬¸üÊÇÈÃÈ˲»ÖªËùÔÆ£¬Ëƺõ¸Ä³ÉMake it clear to the audience where the testimony starts and ends£¬²Å·ûºÏÓ¢ÓïµÄ±í´ïϰ¹ß£¬²Å±È½Ï´ïÒâ¡£

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such as a conference dinner, reception, a trip, etc., careful arrangements
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