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未来的科技论文写作模式（The future of the scientific paper）(转)
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现在的科技论文写作模式是由英国皇家学会和法国国家科学院确定的，已经存在了几百年。几百年前，科学家们是靠私人间的通信来交流科学研究和发现的。随着网络的出现，随着科研本身的变化，未来的科技论文写作模式很可能会改变——这是一名叫Bora Zivlokic的科学家做出的预言。 未的科技论文写作会是什么样子呢？Zivlokic在文章The future of the scientific paper（全文链接在文末）中写道： The standard format of the scientific paper will become just one of many (and probably not the dominant or most frequent) form of scientific communication. Different people have different talents and inclinations. One is analytic, another synthetic. One is creative, another a hard worker. One has great hands with the equipment or animals, while another is good with computers and statistics. One has a lot of space and money and a network of collaborators at a prestigious institution, another is stuck in a small office somewhere in the developing world with no research funds at all. And each can make a valid and useful contribution to science. How? One will have a great idea and publish it online. The other will turn the idea into an experimental protocol that tests the idea and will publish it somewhere online. The next will make a video of the experimental method. The next person will go to the lab and actually follow the protocol and post raw data online. The next person will take the data an analyze it and post the results somewhere else online. The next person will graph and visualize the data for easier understanding. The next person will write an essay that interprets the findings and puts them into the broader context (e.g., what does it mean?). The next one will write a summary that combines several of those findings (a review). The next will place that entire research program into the historical or philosophical context. The next will translate it into normal language that lay-people can understand. 这不是不可能发生的。事实上，现在已经很难看到一篇科研论文的作者只有一个人了。既然科学研究已经变成了一种集体“创造”，为什么不能利用网络变得更快、更形象和更有交互性呢？ 但从另外一方面说，这种变化是可能的但非必然的。当前的科技论文写作和出版模式存在了几百年，已经很成熟并且被证明运转有效，要想对它进行改变，一定要小心谨慎，不要对科研带来不利影响。Zivlokic在文章中也提醒读者： So, how do we prepare for this future? Slowly but smartly. Science has some very conservative elements (in a non-political sense of the term) that will resist change. They will denigrate online contributions unless they are peer-reviewed in a traditional sense and published in a reputable journal in the traditional format of a scientific paper. Some will retire and die out. Others can be reformed. But such reforming takes patience and careful hand-holding. |
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