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[资源] 【分享】最全面最权威的地理学书籍Geography Basics 【已搜无重复】

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Geography Basics covers the most fundamental concepts of both physical and social geography that are taught in beginning high school courses on geography. However, the set is also accessible to both middle school and undergraduate college students. In order to further the geographic literacy of contemporary students, the articles in Geography Basics take an integrated approach to the field, emphasizing interconnections of every kind. North Americans have long thought of the field of geography as little more than the study of the names and locations of places. This notion is
not without a basis in fact: Through much of the twentieth century, geography courses emphasized memorization of names of states, capitals, rivers, seas, mountains, and countries. Both students and educators eventually rebelled against that approach, geography courses gradually fell out of favor, and the future of geography as a discipline looked doubtful. Happily, however, the field underwent a remarkable transformation during the 1990’s, as Dr. Ray Sumner explains in her introduction to this set, and geography now has a bright future at all levels of education. While learning the locations of places remains an important part of geography studies, educators recognize that place-name recognition is merely the beginning of geographic understanding. Geography now places much greater emphasis on understanding the characteristics of, and interconnections among, places. Modern students address such questions as how the weather in a remote part of the world can affect the price of a commodity in the United States, how global warming threatens small island nations, how preserving endangered animal species can conflict with the economic development of poor nations, and why other parts of the world can never be the same as North America. The first volume of Geography Basics introduces the field of geography and examines basic concepts and issues. Its 59 essays are arranged under six broad headings:

• The Nature of Geography: 4 essays on “The History of Geography,” “Mapmaking in History,” “ Mapmaking and New Technologies,” and “Themes and Standards in Geography Education”
• Physical Geography: 18 essays arranged under four headings: “The Earth in Space,” “Earth’s Interior,” “Earth’s Surface,” and “Earth’s Climates”
• Biogeography and Natural Resources: 10 essays arranged under two headings: “Earth’s Biological Systems” and “Natural Resources”
• Human Geography: 12 essays under three headings: “Human Society and the Earth,” “Climate and Human Societies,” and “Exploration and Transportation”
• Economic Geography: 11 essays under three headings: “Agriculture,” “Energy and Engineering,” and “Industry and Trade”
• Political Geography: 4 essays on “Forms of Government,” “Political Geography,”
“Geopolitics,” and “International Boundaries”

The bulk of the second volume of Geography Basics is devoted to a glossary of basic geographical terminology containing 1,600 definitions, plus cross-reference entries. Volume 2 also contains a comprehensive annotated bibliography and a selection of appendices summarizing global geographical data. The appendices include rankings of the world’s rivers, lakes, oceans, deserts, landmasses, islands, and countries by size, as well as lists of the world’s most populous cities and countries and most and least densely populated countries. Geography Basics contains more than 30 maps and more than 250 photographs, as well as other graphical elements. In addition, the essays are punctuated with textual sidebars and tables, which amplify the information in the essays and call attention to especially important or interesting points. Every essay contains a list of recommended sources for further study, and many articles contain sidebars on relevant Web sites. Both English and metric measures are used in this set. In most instances, English measures are given first, followed by their metric equivalents in parentheses. It should be noted that in cases of measures that are only estimates, such as areas of deserts or average heights of mountain ranges, the metric figures are often rounded off to estimates that may not be exact equivalents of the English-measure estimates. In order to enhance clarity, units of measure are not abbreviated in the text, with these exceptions: Kilometers are rendered as km. and square kilometers as sq. km. These exceptions have been made because of the frequency with which these measures appear. Most of the material in Geography Basics originally appeared in Salem Press’seight-volumeWorld Geography (2001). However, texts, bibliographical citations, and statistical data have all been updated. All essays were prepared by qualified academicians and experts, without whose invaluable contributions these volumes would not be possible. Their names and affiliations follow. We are especially pleased to express our thanks to Dr. Ray Sumner, of California’s Long Beach City College, for the expertise and insights that she has brought to both this project andWorld Geographyas Editor.

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[ Last edited by dongmy526 on 2008-5-28 at 19:18 ]

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[资源] 【分享】最全面最权威的地理学书籍Geography Basics 【已搜无重复】

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