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[交流] nanoscale新鲜在线综述2篇 DNA纳米技术金属氧化物纳米基因毒性

Genotoxicity of metal oxide nanomaterials: Review of Recent data and discussion of possible mechanisms
Nazanin Golbamaki1, Bakhtiyor Rasulev2, Antonio Cassano3, Richard L. Marchese Robinson3, Emilio
Benfenati1, Jerzy Leszczynski2, Mark T.D. Cronin3
（94页266篇文献）

Affiliations
1 Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology at the Mario Negri Institute, Milan, Italy
2 Interdisciplinary Center of Nanotoxicity, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS, USA
3 School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
Abstract
Nanotechnology has rapidly entered into human society, revolutionized many areas, including
technology, medicine and cosmetics. This progress is due to the many valuable and unique properties
that nanomaterials possess. In turn, these properties might become an issue of concern when
considering potentially uncontrolled release to the environment. The rapid development of new
nanomaterials thus raises questions about their impact on the environment and human health. This
review focuses on the potential of nanomaterials to cause genotoxicity and summarizes recent
genotoxicity studies on metal oxide/silica nanomaterials. Though the number of genotoxicity studies on
metal oxide/silica nanomaterials is still limited, this endpoint has recently received more attention for
nanomaterials and the number of related publications has increased. Analysis of these peer reviewed
publications over nearly two decades shows that the test most employed to evaluate the genotoxicity of
these nanomaterials is comet assay, followed by Micronucleus, Ames and Chromosome aberration tests.
Based on the data studied, we concluded that in the majority of the publications analysed in this review,
the metal oxide (or silica) nanoparticles of the same core chemical composition did not show different
genotoxicity study calls (i.e. positive or negative) in the same test, although some results are
inconsistent and need to be confirmed by additional experiments. Where the results are conflicting, it
may be due to the following reasons: 1) variation in size of the nanoparticles; 2) variations in size
distribution; 3) varying purity of nanomaterials; 4) variation in surface areas for nanomaterials with the
same average size; 5) differences in coatings; 6) differences in crystal structures of the same types of
nanomaterials; 7) differences in sizes of aggregates in solution/media; 8) differences in assays; 9)
different concentrations of nanomaterials in assay tests. Indeed, due to the observed inconsistencies in
the recent literature and the lack of adherence to appropriate, standardized test methods, reliable
genotoxicity assessment of nanomaterials is still challenging.
Keywords: comet assay, micronucleus test, Ames test, nanoparticles, nanomaterials, metal oxides, silica

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附件 1 : Genotoxicity_of_metal_oxide_nanomaterials-c4nr06670g.pdf

2014-12-12 08:24:45, 1.61 M