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[×ÊÔ´] Ó¢ÎÄÊé¼®¡¶²ÄÁÏËÜÐÔ±äÐÎPlastic Deformation of Materials¡·

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The study of the phenomenon of plastic deformation is a very fertile and
large branch of materials science. Since ancient times, when the first copper
implements were forged, there have been numerous investigations of the
plastic deformation characteristics of macroscopic solids. Mechanical properties,
i.e., strength, ductility, toughness, are very important characteristics
of materials. In addition, plastic deformation is a central means by which
millions of tons of materials are shaped into products.
Plastic deformation is clearly a very complex, irreversible process and,
therefore, its understanding has evolved slowly. In the late nineteenth century
it was first noted that plastic deformation occurred in slip or shear bands.
Following this, it was observed in the 1910's that plastic deformation took
place on rational crystallographic planes. The modern era of research on
plastic deformation began in 1934, with the introduction of the dislocation
to account for the low observed levels of stress to achieve permanent
deformation. This important development was followed by proposals of
mechanisms of dislocation motion and models by which dislocations interact
with obstacles. Thereby evolved the relationship between theories of dislocation
dynamics and the form of the observed stress-strain curve for a
large variety of crystalline materials.
The chapters in this volume review the great profusion of ideas on plastic
deformation which have been put forward over the years. The overall goal
here has been to analyze the important developments and to place them in
a modern perspective. Plastic deformation of metals, crystalline non-metals
and polymers are covered in the seven chapters of this volume. Attesting
to the continuous activity in this area of research are the more than 1000
references contained herein, which must in truth be considered to be a
modest number.
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  • 2014-10-31 14:57:09, 10.61 M

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