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This deduction is also supported partly by the more blue-shifted emission for FLA-C12 than FLA-C3 and FLA-C5 solids (Fig. 2a). Solid-state piezochromic luminescence We have examined the PFC behaviour of FLA-Cn solids (mixed with KBr to minimize the amount of fluorophores) by pressing with an IR pellet press (30 seconds at 1500 psi). Pristine FLAC12, FLA-C5 and FLA-C3 solids emit green, yellowish-green and yellow fluorescence, respectively. However, when they are pressed, FLA-C12 and FLA-C5 are changed into yellow-emitting solids and FLA-C3 becomes yellowish-orange emitting (left column, Fig. 3). Moreover, when the pressed samples are annealed before the isotropic melt transition or exposed to solvent vapor (fuming above dichloromethane), the fluorescence colors are recovered to the original ones. Furthermore, when the fumed or annealed samples are re-pressed, the fluorescence colors are again changed as the first pressing. This process is very reproducible and indicates reversible PFC behaviour. It is noted that the longer the alkyl chain of FLA-Cn, the more remarkable the fluorescence color change upon pressing (Fig. 3). |
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