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Stem Cells：女性经血可修复心脏
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 日本科学家在最新一期美国《干细胞》期刊发表研究报告，表示可利用经血培植心肌细胞，修复心脏损伤，且成功率比采用骨髓干细胞的0.2%至0.3%高达百倍。 研究由庆应大学及国立成育医疗中心联合进行，科学家将9名女子经血中的间叶细胞培植增生1个月后，将之与老鼠心脏细胞混和，发现三天后其中约20%间叶细胞 开始自然跳动，最后更转化成片状的心肌细胞。将培植出的心肌细胞注入患心肌梗塞的老鼠后，病情便见改善。不过参与研究的心脏医生表示，研究结果仍未能作临床应用，且对之“不完全满意”，指希望找出间叶细胞转化成心肌细胞的关键。 原始出处： （Stem Cells）doi:10.1634/stemcells.2007-0826 First published online April 17, 2008; Novel Cardiac Precursor-Like Cells from Human Menstrual Blood-Derived Mesenchymal Cells Naoko Hida 1, Nobuhiro Nishiyama 2, Shunichiro Miyoshi 3*, Shinichiro Kira 4, Kaoru Segawa 5, Taro Uyama 6, Taisuke Mori 7, Kenji Miyado 6, Yukinori Ikegami 8, ChangHao Cui 6, Tohru Kiyono 9, Satoru Kyo 10, Tatsuya Shimizu 11, Teruo Okano 11, Michiie Sakamoto 7, Satoshi Ogawa 4, Akihiro Umezawa 6 1 Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo,160-8582, JAPAN; Department of Reproductive Biology and Pathology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo,157-8535, JAPAN; Department of Pathology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo,160-8582, JAPAN 2 Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo,160-8582, JAPAN; Department of Pathology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo,160-8582, JAPAN 3 Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo,160-8582, JAPAN; Institute for Advanced Cardiac Therapeutics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo,160-8582, JAPAN 4 Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo,160-8582, JAPAN 5 Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo,160-8582, JAPAN 6 Department of Reproductive Biology and Pathology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo,157-8535, JAPAN 7 Department of Pathology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo,160-8582, JAPAN 8 Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo,160-8582, JAPAN; Department of Reproductive Biology and Pathology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo,157-8535, JAPAN 9 Virology Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo,104-0045, JAPAN 10 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kanazawa University, School of Medicine, Kanazawa,920-0293, JAPAN 11 Institute of Advanced Biomedical Engineering and Science, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo,162-8666, JAPAN Abstract Stem cell therapy can help repair damaged heart tissue. Yet many of the suitable cells currently identified for human use are difficult to obtain and involve invasive procedures. In our search for novel stem cells with a higher cardiomyogenic potential than those available from bone marrow, we discovered that potent cardiac precursor-like cells can be harvested from human menstrual blood. This represents a new, non-invasive and potent source of cardiac stem-cell therapeutic material. We demonstrate that menstrual blood-derived mesenchymal cells (MMCs) began beating spontaneously after induction, exhibiting cardiomyocyte-specific action potentials. Cardiac troponin-I-positive cardiomyocytes accounted for 27-32% of the MMCs in vitro. The MMCs proliferated, on average, 28 generations without affecting cardiomyogenic transdifferentiation ability, and expressed mRNA of GATA-4 before cardiomyogenic induction. Hypothesizing that the majority of cardiomyogenic cells in MMCs originated from detached uterine endometrial glands, we established monoclonal endometrial gland-derived mesenchymal cells (EMCs), 76-97% of which transdifferentiated into cardiac cells in vitro. Both EMCs and MMCs were positive for CD29, CD105 and negative for CD34, CD45. EMCs engrafted onto a recipient's heart using a novel 3-dimensional EMC cell sheet manipulation transdifferentiated into cardiac tissue-layer in vivo. Transplanted MMCs also significantly restored impaired cardiac function, decreasing the myocardial infarction (MI) area in the nude rat model, with tissue of MMC-derived cardiomyocytes being observed in the MI area in vivo. Thus, MMCs appear to be a potential novel, easily accessible source of material for cardiac stem cell-based therapy. |
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