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Results and discussion
     General photophysical properties As expected, these cruciforms show the same absorption and emission spectra (Fig. 1a) and fluorescence quantum yields (F ¼ 10¨C12%) in THF solution because of their identical conjugated skeletons, indicating the N-alkyl chain lengths do not substantially affect their solution photophysical properties.
      However, it is noted that the F values of FCn in THF solution are obviously higher than those of the linear 9,10-distyrylanthracene derivatives whose solutions are weak or non-fluorescent. This implies that the non-radiative decay caused by the free intramolecular torsion of the two styryl moieties at the 9,10-positions of the anthracene core has been depressed in the cruciform configuration. As a result, FCn may show a weak AIE effect in aqueous media. This is evidenced by the emission spectra and ¬éuorescence images of FC4 in THF solution and a THF¨Cwater (1/9) mixture (Fig. 1b). The emission spectrum in aqueous media is slightly blueshifted relative to that in THF solution, and the ϕ value in the  aqueous dispersion is only about twice that in THF solution (inset in Fig. 1b)
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