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[求助]
求翻译，谢谢，材料化学类的……
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Calculation indicated that the compressive thermal stresses in the snorkel lining would decrease continuously after first heat. Further wear of the snorkel inner brick lining is mainly governed by steel erosion and thermal cycling of the degasser. Bricks with low creep resistance will lead to hot deformation near to hot face, and resulting in reduced hot strength and potentially open joints during cooling down. In summary, the excessive wear of the upper snorkel brick lining at the initial stage of a campaign was due to the thermal stress concentration leading to the formation of micro-cracks at the hot face, which lead to the accelerated hot erosion. Both preheating temperature and initial operational conditions have been examined for potential improvements. Preheat procedure is now closely monitored to ensure sufficient preheat of the whole snorkels to a minimum temperature of about 500°C. The delay between preheating and first heat is minimised to reduce heat loss. The first treatment starts with a gentle Ar flow and avoiding steel grade with very aggressive slag chemistry. The snorkel life is often limited by the outer castable performance. The failure of the outer castable is primarily due to thermal cracking and deskulling damages. A regular scheduled deskulling has been established to reduce the mechanical damages likely caused by heady deskulling. Coatings will be introduced to both steel shell and the anchors to reduce thermal stresses on the outer castable.  1.jpg  2.jpg |
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wanfuping
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清风拂梦: 金币+15, ★★★★★最佳答案, 真的很感谢你 2014-09-22 12:18:11
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清风拂梦: 金币+15, ★★★★★最佳答案, 真的很感谢你 2014-09-22 12:18:11
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| 计算表明，第一次加热后，通气管内衬处压缩热应力会持续下降。通气管内衬里面部分的进一步摩损主要是因为钢腐蚀和脱气器的热循环。具有低抗蠕变性的砖块会在加热面附近导致热变形，进而导致热强度减少，且在冷却期间会潜在地产生间隙。总之，在工作的初始阶段，通气管内衬里面部分的上端部的过度磨损是因为热应力集中，导致在加热面处形成微裂缝，进而加速热腐蚀。为了做进一步改善，要检验预热温度和初始工作条件。为了保证整个通气管能足够地预热到最少500度，预热步须仔细监控。须减少由预热和第一次加执而导致的延时，来减少热损失。第一次处理始于较温和的气流，从而避免钢种产生剧烈的炉渣化学反应。通气管寿命通常取决于外面的浇注材料性能。外部浇注材料的失效主要是由于热裂缝和脱盖损害。为了减少因性急导致的机械损害，须制定一份定期的脱盖安排计划。为了减小外部浇注材料的热应力，在钢壳和锚处都须涂层。 |
2楼2014-09-22 12:14:32
