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FINAL REMARKS The results attained in this work highlight that alumina-magnesia castables may present better performance than the one observed in lab conditions, as the constraining environment led to outstanding better results in terms of corrosion, physical and mechanical properties. Selecting the castables without changing the chemical composition was the key-issue to properly isolate the effect of expansion and, thus, constraint. When free to expand, castables containing coarse MgO grains (M100) usually present poor corrosion behavior and low mechanical strength level, as a consequence of its higher residual expansion. Nevertheless, in an expansion controlled condition (under constraint), the penetration index was reduced and the mechanical properties improved, owing to the reduction in the volume of pores and flaw closure in the castable¡¯s microstructure. For greater expansion levels (M45 and M100 compositions) this benefit is more evident, attesting that the spinel formation volumetric change can impart a positive effect on the lining working life.This work points out that lab testing and practical trials can lead to different material¡¯s response and, thus, one may draw attention to the industrial conditions when designing these castables in lab, in order to be able to select high-performance and more suitable materials for steel ladle applications. |
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