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原文：本实验采用反相乳液聚合方法，合成了一系列不同粒径和粒径分布、不同吸水倍率、不同凝胶强度的聚丙烯酸钠（PAANa）高吸水树脂粉末。将制备的吸水树脂与苯乙烯、表面活性剂Span80组成聚合体系，用过氧化苯甲酰引发进行原位共混，制得遇水崩解型聚苯乙烯（WDPS）。同时，采用“两步法”发泡工艺，制得遇水崩解型聚苯乙烯泡沫制品。 研究了反相乳液聚合时搅拌速率、油水相质量比、乳化剂浓度等因素对聚丙烯酸钠吸水树脂粉末平均粒径、粒径分布和团聚情况的影响，得到了制备较小平均粒径和窄粒径分布吸水树脂粉末的条件；DSC测试发现所得吸水树脂水凝胶中含有许多利于WDPS崩解的结合水和束缚水；丙烯酸钠水溶液的PH值影响吸水树脂的吸水倍率；交联剂用量高于3%或者共聚单体2-丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙磺酸（AMPS）的量提高时，PAANa的凝胶强度提高，但吸水倍率下降；得到的吸水树脂PAANa具有良好的恒温保水性能和土壤高温保水性能及良好的热稳定性。 WDPS的崩解机理为在分散剂Span80的作用下，吸水树脂吸水后膨胀导致基体聚苯乙烯出现银纹并扩展为裂缝，裂缝继续扩展，最终导致基体崩解为粒径0.05~0.2mm的粉末，并失去强度。研究发现吸水树脂的粒径越小、吸水倍率越高、凝胶强度越大时，WDPS崩解速度越快且彻底；随PS分子量升高，WDPS越难崩解；Span80含量为占单体质量的3%时，WDPS崩解后粒径均匀。随PAANa粉末含量的提高，WDPS的拉伸强度和冲击强度提高，表明PAANa刚性粒子具有增韧作用；WDPS遇水崩解之后具有良好的吸水性能，可做为土壤改良剂。 根据WDPS的特点，优化出一套较理想的发泡工艺。用显微镜观察了泡沫材料的泡孔结构，发现添加纳米碳酸钙、聚乙烯蜡等第二成核剂能够改善泡孔结构；对泡沫的遇水崩解机理进行了探索，为得到遇水崩解性能稳定的泡沫材料奠定了基础。 译文： Series of sodium polyacrylate with different particle diameter, particle diameter distribution, water-absorbency, gel strength were prepared by inverse emulsion polymerization. Styrene, surfactant Span80 and water-absorbent resin were mixed and the in-situ blend polymerization of styrene was carried out when the initiator benzoperoxide was added. The water-disintegrable polystyrene foam was prepared by “two-step” process. In the inverse emulsion polymerization, affection of stirring rate, weight ratio of oil to water and emulsifier concentration on average particle diameter, particle diameter distribution and agglomeration was studied. Condition of preparing little average particle diameter and narrow particle diameter distribution water-absorbent resin was controlled. Results showed that the prepared water-absorbent resin contains much combined and bound water which can benefit the disintegration of water-disintegrable polystyrene blends. The water-absorbency of sodium polyacyrlate is affected by the pH of acrylic sodium solution. When the dosage of crosslinker was over 3‰ or the content of copolymer 2-acrylamido- 2-methylpropanesulfonic acid was increased, the gel strength of sodium polyacrylate would be enhanced but the water-absorbency would be reduced. Results showed that sodium polyacrylate had excellent water retention at constant high temperature in soil and good thermal stability. The disintegrative mechanism was studied and the result showed that with the effect of dispersant Span-80, the matrix polystyrene appeared craze into cracks which was led by the expansion of the super-absorbent polymer. The cracks went on expanding. At last, the matrix polystyrene disintegrated into powder which diameter was 0.05~0.2mm and the material lost mechanical strength. When the particle diameter was small, the water-absorbency was high, or the gel strength was high, speed of disintegration of water-disintegrable polystyrene would be high. Otherwise, results showed that it was difficult to disintegrate when the molecular weight of polystyrene increased and the particle diameter of disintegrated product was non-uniform when the dosage of Span80 was 3%. With the increase of content of sodium polyacrylate powder, both of the tensile strength and impact strength of water-disintegrable polystyrene were enhanced. It is indicated that rigid sodium polyacrylate particle has toughening effect. The water-absorbency of disintegrated product is so excellent that can be used in soil improvement agent. A kind of foam technology was designed according to the characteristic of disintegrable polystyrene. The cell structure of foam was observed by microscope and the result showed that the cell structure was improved by adding second nucleating agent such as nmCaCO3 and polyethylene wax. At last the exploratory work of disintegration of foam was done which can be helpful for preparing stable disintegrable foam. 请高手指导！好的话以后追加更多金币，谢谢！ |
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xiongwei3707
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修改后为: Series of sodium polyacrylate with different particle diameter, particle diameter distribution, water-absorbency, gel strength were prepared by inverse emulsion polymerization. Styrene, surfactant Span80 and water-absorbent resin were mixed and the in-situ blend polymerization of styrene was carried out when the initiator Benz peroxide was added. The water-disintegrable polystyrene foam was prepared by “two-step” process. In the inverse emulsion polymerization, affection of stirring rate, weight ratio of oil to water and emulsifier concentration on average particle diameter, particle diameter distribution and agglomeration was studied. Condition of preparing little average particle diameter and narrow particle diameter distribution water-absorbent resin was controlled. Results showed that the prepared water-absorbent resin contains much combined and bound water which can benefit the disintegration of water-disintegrable polystyrene blends. The water-absorbency of sodium polyacyrlate is affected by the pH of acrylic sodium solution. When the dosage of cross linker was over 3‰ or the content of copolymer 2-acrylamido- 2-methylpropanesulfonic acid was increased, the gel strength of sodium polyacrylate would be enhanced but the water-absorbency would be reduced. Results showed that sodium polyacrylate had excellent water retention at constant high temperature in soil and good thermal stability. The disintegrative mechanism was studied and the result showed that with the effect of dispersant Span-80, the matrix polystyrene appeared craze into cracks which was led by the expansion of the super-absorbent polymer. The cracks went on expanding. At last, the matrix polystyrene disintegrated into powder which diameter was 0.05~0.2mm and the material lost mechanical strength. When the particle diameter was small, the water-absorbency was high, or the gel strength was high, speed of disintegration of water-disintegrable polystyrene would be high. Otherwise, results showed that it was difficult to disintegrate when the molecular weight of polystyrene increased and the particle diameter of disintegrated product was non-uniform when the dosage of Span80 was 3%. With the increase of content of sodium polyacrylate powder, both of the tensile strength and impact strength of water-disintegrable polystyrene were enhanced. It is indicated that rigid sodium polyacrylate particle has toughening effect. The water-absorbency of disintegrated product is so excellent that can be used in soil improvement agent. A kind of foam technology was designed according to the characteristic of disintegrable polystyrene. The cell structure of foam was observed by microscope and the result showed that the cell structure was improved by adding second nucleating agent such as nmCaCO3 and polyethylene wax. At last the exploratory work of disintegration of foam was done which can be helpful for preparing stable disintegrable. |
2楼2008-04-18 11:31:38
xiongwei3707
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或者用以下的: Using the inverse emulsion polymerization method, a synthesis of a number of different particle size and particle size distribution, water absorbency of different, different gel strength of sodium polyacrylate (PAANa) high water-absorbing resin powder. Will be prepared by water-absorbing resin and styrene, surfactant composition Span80 polymerization system, benzoyl peroxide used in situ blends triggered, the system collapsed in the water of polystyrene (WDPS). At the same time, the "two-step" foam process, the collapse of the system in the water-polystyrene foam products. On the inverse emulsion polymerization, mixing rate, the ratio of oil and water, emulsifier concentration on absorbent sodium polyacrylate resin powder average particle size, particle size distribution and the impact of reunion, have been of smaller average particle size and narrow particle size distribution absorbent resin powder conditions; DSC test findings absorbent resin containing hydrogel WDPS conducive to the collapse of many of the combination of water and bound water; aqueous solution of sodium acrylate PH value impact-absorbent resin water absorbency; TAC The dosage more than 3% or comonomer 2 - acrylamido-2 - methyl-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) was enhanced, PAANa the gel strength improved, but water absorbency drop by the water-absorbing resin PAANa has good water-retention properties of temperature and soil water temperature performance and good thermal stability. WDPS collapse of the mechanism for the role of dispersant Span80, water absorbent resin matrix lead to expansion after a polystyrene crazes and the expansion of the cracks, cracks continue to expand, which eventually led to the collapse of the matrix size of 0.05 to 0.2 mm powder, and lose strength. Study found that the smaller the particle size of the absorbent resin, water absorbency higher gel strength bigger, faster and WDPS collapsed completely; molecular weight increased with the PS, WDPS more difficult it is disintegrating; Span80 content of the monomer quality 3%, after the collapse of WDPS uniform particle size. PAANa powder content with the improvement of WDPS the tensile strength and impact strength of that PAANa with rigid particles toughening effect; WDPS after the collapse of a water-absorbent can be good, can be used as a soil conditioner. According to WDPS the characteristics of a set of optimized better foaming process. With a microscope observation of the foam cell structure, found that adding nano calcium carbonate, such as polyethylene wax second nucleating agent to improve the cell structure of the bubble collapse of the mechanism of the water exploration, and to get water Collapse Properties and stability of the foam laid the foundation. |
3楼2008-04-18 11:33:20
不要胡闹好不好 4楼2008-04-19 12:25:57