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TIPS ON LISTENING
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Successful listening involves: 1. skills in segmenting the stream of speech into meaningful words and phrases; 2. recognizing word classes; 3. relating the incoming message to one’s own background knowledge; 4. identifying the rhetorical and functional intent of an utterance or parts of an aural text; 5. interpreting rhythm, stress and intonation to identify information focus and emotional/attitudinal tone; 6. extracting gist/essential information from longer aural texts without necessarily understanding every word. From Designing Tasks for the Communicative Classroom by David Nunan, P26. |
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