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The rhomboid fossa of the clavicle as a sex and age estimator 怎么翻译
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The rhomboid fossa of the clavicle as a sex and age estimator 怎么翻译 翻译成菱形窝i对吗/ 我投稿时翻译成菱形窝专家说锁骨没有菱形窝这一结构？ 请您帮忙！！！！！！！！ |
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Books & Journals/Journal of Forensic Sciences/Citation Page/ Volume 45, Issue 1 (January 2000) ISSN: 0022-1198 Published Online: 1 January 2000 Page Count: 7 Click here to download this paper now View License Agreement The rhomboid fossa of the clavicle as a sex and age estimator Rogers, NL Department of Anthropology, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN. Flournoy, LE Department of Anthropology, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN. McCormick, WF Department of Anthropology, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN. Abstract The costoclavicular (rhomboid) ligament connects the first rib to the clavicle, stabilizing the pectoral girdle. It produces skeletal traits that may be tubercles, roughened impressions, shallow groove-like fossae, deep fossae, or leave no trace. A pit or depression at this site is often called a “rhomboid fossa.” While these markings may appear pathological, they are normal variants of the clavicle. Using a large contemporary sample (N = 344: 113 females, 231 males), we evaluated the presence of a rhomboid fossa as a sex and age indicator for unidentified skeletal remains. Logistic regression found significant relationships between the presence of a rhomboid fossa and sex and between presence of a rhomboid fossa and age. Fossae were more common in males (36% left, 31% right) than in females (3% left, 8% right). Posterior probabilities suggest that a fossa on the right clavicle is indicative of a male with 81.7% probability; a fossa on the left is indicative of a male with 92.2% probability. Younger individuals more commonly exhibited rhomboid fossae than older individuals, and the largest fossae were most common in males 20–30 years of age. However, the age effect was not conclusive and must be corroborated by other methods. A test of the sex estimation method on an independent sample (26 males, 23 females) found nine males and only one female with fossae present on the left clavicle. When the costoclavicular attachment exhibits an impression, a tubercle, or leaves no trace, this method cannot be used for sex estimation. When a clavicle exhibits a rhomboid fossa, it is likely from a male. The greater difference in fossa expression between the sexes on the left clavicle makes use of the left bone preferable. This technique can corroborate other sex estimates or provide an estimate for unknown individuals in the absence of other skeletal indicators. Keywords: age estimation, clavicle, costal impression, costal tuberosity, costoclavicular ligament, forensic science, rhomboid fossa, rhomboid ligament, sex estimation Paper ID: JFS45100X61X 参见： http://journalsip.astm.org/JOURNALS/FORENSIC/PAGES/3347.htm The costoclavicular (rhomboid) ligament connects the first rib to the clavicle, stabilizing the pectoral girdle. It produces skeletal traits that may be tubercles, roughened impressions, shallow groove-like fossae, deep fossae, or leave no trace. A pit or depression at this site is often called a “rhomboid fossa.” 从该文的定义解释里面，应该不难翻译了。 锁骨：锁骨内侧端与胸骨柄间形成胸锁关节，正位胸片上两侧胸锁关节距离中线应相等，否则为投照位置不正。锁骨内端下缘有时可见半圆形凹陷，为菱形韧带附着处，勿误为病变。 因此：翻译为锁骨“菱形窝”，或者锁骨“菱形凹陷”，应该没有问题。 |
3楼2008-02-09 07:33:10
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2楼2008-02-08 21:29:42