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[×ÊÔ´] Food Processing Handbook

Edited by
James G. Brennan
1 Postharvest Handling and Preparation of Foods for Processing 1
Alistair S. Grandison
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 Properties of Raw Food Materials and Their Susceptibility
to Deterioration and Damage 2
1.3 Storage and Transportation of Raw Materials 9
1.3.2 Transportation 13
1.4 Raw Material Cleaning 14
1.5 Sorting and Grading 21
1.6 Blanching 26
1.7 Sulphiting of Fruits and Vegetables 29
References 30
2 Thermal Processing 33
Michael J. Lewis
2.1 Introduction 33
2.2 Reaction Kinetics 36
2.3 Temperature Dependence 39
2.4 Heat Processing Methods 48
2.5 Filling Procedures 68
2.6 Storage 68
3 Evaporation and Dehydration 71
James G. Brennan
3.1 Evaporation (Concentration, Condensing) 71
3.2 Dehydration (Drying) 85
4 Freezing 125
Jose Mauricio Pardo and Keshavan Niranjan
4.1 Introduction 125
4.2 Refrigeration Methods and Equipment 125
4.3 Low Temperature Production 127
4.4 Freezing Kinetics 138
4.5 Effects of Refrigeration on Food Quality 143
References 144
5 Irradiation 147
Alistair S. Grandison
5.1 Introduction 147
5.2 Principles of Irradiation 147
5.3 Equipment 154
5.4 Safety Aspects 160
5.5 Effects on the Properties of Food 160
5.6 Detection Methods for Irradiated Foods 162
5.7 Applications and Potential Applications 163
6 High Pressure Processing 173
Margaret F. Patterson, Dave A. Ledward and Nigel Rogers
6.1 Introduction 173
6.2 Effect of High Pressure on Microorganisms 176
6.3 Ingredient Functionality 181
6.4 Enzyme Activity 183
6.5 Foaming and Emulsification 185
6.6 Gelation 187
6.7 Organoleptic Considerations 189
6.8 Equipment for HPP 190
6.9 Pressure Vessel Considerations 193
6.10 Current and Potential Applications of HPP for Foods 195
References 197
7 Pulsed Electric Field Processing, Power Ultrasound
and Other Emerging Technologies 201
Craig E. Leadley and Alan Williams
7.1 Introduction 201
7.2 Pulsed Electric Field Processing 203
7.3 Power Ultrasound 214
7.4 Other Technologies with Potential 229
7.5 Conclusions 231
8 Baking, Extrusion and Frying 237
Bogdan J. Dobraszczyk, Paul Ainsworth, Senol Ibanoglu
and Pedro Bouchon
9 Packaging 291
James G. Brennan and Brian P. F. Day
10 Safety in Food Processing 351
Carol A. Wallace
11 Process Control In Food Processing 373
Keshavan Niranjan, Araya Ahromrit and Ahok S. Khare
12 Environmental Aspects of Food Processing 385
Niharika Mishra, Ali Abd El-Aal Bakr and Keshavan Niranjan
13 Water and Waste Treatment 399
R. Andrew Wilbey
14 Separations in Food Processing 429
James G. Brennan, Alistair S. Grandison and Michael J. Lewis
15 Mixing, Emulsification and Size Reduction 513
James G. Brennan
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