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推荐一篇发表在Applied Physics Reviews上的关于电致应变的最新综述
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http://scitation.aip.org/content ... 1/10.1063/1.4861260 Electrostrictive effect in ferroelectrics: An alternative approach to improve piezoelectricity Electrostriction plays an important role in the electromechanical behavior of ferroelectrics and describes a phenomenon in dielectrics where the strain varies proportional to the square of the electric field/polarization. Perovskite ferroelectrics demonstrating high piezoelectric performance, including BaTiO3, Pb(Zr1- x Ti x )O3, and relaxor-PbTiO3 materials, have been widely used in various electromechanical devices. To improve the piezoelectric activity of these materials, efforts have been focused on the ferroelectric phase transition regions, including shift the composition to the morphotropic phase boundary or shift polymorphic phase transition to room temperature. However, there is not much room left to further enhance the piezoelectric response in perovskite solid solutions using this approach. With the purpose of exploring alternative approaches, the electrostrictive effect is systematically surveyed in this paper. Initially, the techniques for measuring the electrostrictive effect are given and compared. Second, the origin of electrostriction is discussed. Then, the relationship between the electrostriction and the microstructure and macroscopic properties is surveyed. The electrostrictive properties of ferroelectric materials are investigated with respect to temperature, composition, phase, and orientation. The relationship between electrostriction and piezoelectric activity is discussed in detail for perovskite ferroelectrics to achieve new possibilities for piezoelectric enhancement. Finally, future perspectives for electrostriction studies are proposed. Article outline: I. INTRODUCTION II. THE DETERMINATION OF THE ELECTROSTRICTIVE COEFFICIENTS A. Electrostrictive coefficients measured by strain versus the polarization/electric field B. Electrostrictive coefficients measured using the dielectric permittivity versus the applied stress C. Electrostrictive coefficients determined using the piezoelectric coefficients D. Electrostrictive coefficients determined from the lattice parameters E. Electrostrictive coefficients determined from the dielectric permittivity under a DC-biased electric field III. THE ORIGIN OF ELECTROSTRICTION IV. ELECTROSTRICTION WITH RESPECT TO THE MICROSCOPIC AND MACROSCOPIC CHARACTERISTICS A. Microscopic characteristics versus the electrostrictive effect B. Macroscopic characteristics versus the electrostrictive effect 1. Dielectric and elastic responses versus the electrostrictive effect 2. Thermal expansion versus the electrostrictive effect V. ELECTROSTRICTION IN PEROVSKITE FERROELECTRICS A. Electrostrictive effect versus ferroelectric phase transitions 1. Polymorphic phase transition (PPT, phase transitions induced by temperature) 2. Morphotropic phase boundary (MPB, phase transitions induced by composition) B. Orientation dependence of electrostriction C. Electrostrictive coefficient Q versus the electromechanical properties 1. Electrostrictive coefficient Q versus the electric field-induced strain 2. Electrostrictive coefficient Q versus piezoelectric activity 3. Can piezoelectric activity be improved with electrostriction? VI. CONCLUSIONS AND FUTURE PERSPECTIVES  aip.jpg |
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2014-01-29 19:16:47, 4.12 M
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