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HYZ221314至尊木虫 (职业作家)
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Cancer Research :研究确认恶性生殖细胞肿瘤分子开关
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最近,英国剑桥大学研究人员称,一种名为LIN28的蛋白在恶性生殖细胞肿瘤的形成过程中起着重要作用,是促发癌症的关键“开关”。这一发现对于开发新的恶性生殖细胞肿瘤治疗方法具有重要意义。 恶性生殖细胞肿瘤是一种各个年龄段男女都可能罹患的癌症,如睾丸癌、卵巢癌皆属于此列。虽然目前的化疗疗法可在一定程度上治疗该类疾病,但化疗产生的副作用也很严重,会损害患者的听力,造成肾脏、肺叶以及骨髓损伤。 在该项研究中,剑桥大学研究人员发现,所有的恶性生殖细胞肿瘤中都含有大量的LIN28蛋白,该种蛋白增多会降低let-7调节分子的水平;而反过来,let-7调节分子水平降低,也会增加细胞中多种促癌蛋白的含量,其中就包括LIN28蛋白。研究人员称,这是一个恶性循环,在这个过程中,LIN28蛋白起着关键作用,是这一循环的“开关”,它影响着癌细胞的多种属性。 研究人员还发现,通过降低细胞内LIN28蛋白含量,或者直接增加let-7分子水平,是可以逆转这种恶性循环的。这两种方法都可以降低促癌蛋白的水平,抑制癌细胞生长。 研究人员指出,新发现的LIN28蛋白的“开关”效应存在于所有的恶性生殖细胞肿瘤之中,因而这种蛋白将是一个十分重要的治疗标靶,据此开发的新疗法可有效减少化疗的毒性效应,提高患者的生存几率。 相关研究成果刊发在最新一期《癌症研究》杂志上。 Cancer Research doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-12-2085 LIN28 Expression in Malignant Germ Cell Tumors Downregulates let-7 and Increases Oncogene Levels Matthew J. Murray1,2, Harpreet K. Saini4, Charlotte A. Siegler1, Jennifer E. Hanning1, Emily M. Barker1, Stijn van Dongen4, Dawn M. Ward1, Katie L. Raby1, Ian J. Groves1, Cinzia G. Scarpini1, Mark R. Pett1, Claire M. Thornton5, Anton J. Enright4, James C. Nicholson2, and Nicholas Coleman1,3; on behalf of the CCLG Despite their clinicopathologic heterogeneity, malignant germ cell tumors (GCT) share molecular abnormalities that are likely to be functionally important. In this study, we investigated the potential significance of downregulation of the let-7 family of tumor suppressor microRNAs in malignant GCTs. Microarray results from pediatric and adult samples (n = 45) showed that LIN28, the negative regulator of let-7 biogenesis, was abundant in malignant GCTs, regardless of patient age, tumor site, or histologic subtype. Indeed, a strong negative correlation existed between LIN28 and let-7 levels in specimens with matched datasets. Low let-7 levels were biologically significant, as the sequence complementary to the 2 to 7 nt common let-7 seed “GAGGUA” was enriched in the 3′ untranslated regions of mRNAs upregulated in pediatric and adult malignant GCTs, compared with normal gonads (a mixture of germ cells and somatic cells). We identified 27 mRNA targets of let-7 that were upregulated in malignant GCT cells, confirming significant negative correlations with let-7 levels. Among 16 mRNAs examined in a largely independent set of specimens by quantitative reverse transcription PCR, we defined negative-associations with let-7e levels for six oncogenes, including MYCN, AURKB, CCNF, RRM2, MKI67, and C12orf5 (when including normal control tissues). Importantly, LIN28 depletion in malignant GCT cells restored let-7 levels and repressed all of these oncogenic let-7 mRNA targets, with LIN28 levels correlating with cell proliferation and MYCN levels. Conversely, ectopic expression of let-7e was sufficient to reduce proliferation and downregulate MYCN, AURKB, and LIN28, the latter via a double-negative feedback loop. We conclude that the LIN28/let-7 pathway has a critical pathobiologic role in malignant GCTs and therefore offers a promising target for therapeutic intervention. Cancer Res;[ Last edited by HYZ221314 on 2013-12-24 at 09:52 ] |
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2013-12-24 09:36:37, 974.66 K
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