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ju5200

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[求助] C++实现24点计算的代码哪位大哥能帮忙解释一下啊?课程设计,快急死了,万分感谢啊!

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
#include<string>
#include<stdlib.h>
const double PRECISION = 1E-6; //精度常量
const int COUNT_OF_NUMBER = 4; //算24点的自然数个数
const int NUMBER_TO_BE_CAL = 24;
void Swap(int &m,int &n)
{
int x;
x=m;
m=n;
n=x;
}
class RationalNumber //定义有理数类(分子、分母)
{
protected:
int numerator,denominator; //numerator:分子,denominator:分母
bool inf;
protected:
int gcd(int a,int b) //求a和b的最大公约数
{
if(a==0)return b;if(b==0) return a;
if(a>b) Swap(a,b);
while(a>0){
int c=b%a;b=a;a=c;
}
return b;
}
public:
RationalNumber()
{
inf=false;
}
RationalNumber(int n)
{
numerator=n;
denominator=1;
inf=false;
}
RationalNumber(int numerator,int denominator)
{
this->numerator=numerator;
this->denominator=denominator;
Simplify();
}
virtual ~RationalNumber() {}
void Simplify()
{
if(denominator==0)
{
inf=true;
}
else
if(numerator==0)
{
denominator=1;
inf=false;
}
else
{
int k=gcd(abs(numerator),abs(denominator));
numerator/=k;
denominator/=k;
inf=false;
}
}

RationalNumber operator+(const RationalNumber& b) const
{
RationalNumber result;
result.denominator=this->denominator*b.denominator;
result.numerator=this->numerator*b.denominator+this->denominator*b.numerator;
result.Simplify();
return result;
}


RationalNumber operator-(const RationalNumber& b) const
{
RationalNumber result;
result.denominator=this->denominator*b.denominator;
result.numerator=this->numerator*b.denominator-this->denominator*b.numerator;
result.Simplify();
return result;
}


RationalNumber operator*(const RationalNumber& b) const
{
RationalNumber result;
result.denominator=this->denominator*b.denominator;
result.numerator=this->numerator*b.numerator;
result.Simplify();
return result;
}
RationalNumber operator/(const RationalNumber& b) const
{
RationalNumber result;
result.denominator=this->denominator*b.numerator;
result.numerator=this->numerator*b.denominator;
result.Simplify();
return result;
}
RationalNumber& operator=(const RationalNumber& b)
{
denominator=b.denominator;
numerator=b.numerator;
return (*this);
}
RationalNumber& operator=(int b)
{
denominator=1;
numerator=b;
return (*this);
}
bool operator==(const RationalNumber& b) const
{
if((b.denominator==this->denominator)&&(b.numerator==this->numerator)) return true;
return false;
}
bool operator==(int b) const
{
if((1==this->denominator)&&(b==this->numerator)) return true;
return false;
}
bool operator!=(const RationalNumber& b) const
{         if(b.denominator!=this->denominator||b.numerator!=this->numerator) return true;
return false;
}
bool operator!=(int b) const
{
if(1!=this->denominator||b!=this->numerator) return true;
return false;
}
int Numerator() const
{ return numerator; }
int Denominator() const
{ return denominator; }
};

RationalNumber number[COUNT_OF_NUMBER]; //用数组number[]保存操作数
string expression[COUNT_OF_NUMBER]; //用数组expression[]保存算式

bool Search(int n) //递归函数
{
if (n==1)
{
if (number[0]==NUMBER_TO_BE_CAL) //成功搜索得到24
//若number[]是double型
//也可用if (fabs(number[0]-NUMBER_TO_BE_CAL)<PRECISION)
{
cout<<expression[0]<<endl; //输出表达式
return true;
}
else
{
return false;
}
}
for (int i=0;i<n;i++)
{
for (int j=i+1;j<n;j++)
{
RationalNumber a, b;
string expa, expb;
a=number; //用a保存number
b=number[j]; //用b保存number[j]
number[j]=number[n-1]; //将number[n-1]向前填入到原来number[j]的位置
expa=expression; //用expa保存expression
expb=expression[j]; //用expb保存expression[j]
expression[j]=expression[n-1];
//将expression[n-1]向前填入到原来expression[j]的位置
//因为下一层递归调用search(n-1)将仅对下标为0~n-2的数进行操作了
//加法
expression='('+expa+'+'+expb+')';
//将a和b计算的算式填入到原来expression的位置
number=a+b; //将a和b计算的结果填入到原来number的位置
if (Search(n-1)) return true;
//一旦得到一个可行解,即层层向上返回,从而确保只输出一个可行解
//减法有两种情况a-b和b-a
expression='('+expa+'-'+expb+')';
number=a-b;
if (Search(n-1)) return true;
expression='('+expb+'-'+expa+')';
number=b-a;
if (Search(n-1)) return true;
//乘法
expression='('+expa+'*'+expb+')';
number=a*b;
if (Search(n-1)) return true;
//除法也有两种情况a/b和b/a
if (b!=0)
{
expression='('+expa+'/'+expb+')';
number=a/b;
if (Search(n-1)) return true;
}
if (a!=0)
{
expression='('+expb+'/'+expa+')';
number=b/a;
if (Search(n-1)) return true;
}
//本轮调用完毕后,用a,b,expa,expb将数组number[]和expression[]恢复原状
number=a;
number[j]=b;
expression=expa;
expression[j]=expb;
}
}
return false;
}





小弟的C++都是自学的  里面好多东西之前没接触过
因为课程设计时间比较紧 没时间查看相关资料
特来此求出 代码文件在附件里
稍微有点长 还请各位帮帮忙了
先谢谢各位了

int main()
{
cout<<"please input four numbers:"<<endl;
for (int i=0;i<COUNT_OF_NUMBER;i++)
{
char buffer[20]; //分配长度为20的字符数组buffer[]
int x;
cin>>x;
number=x;
itoa(x,buffer,10); //itoa():将一个10进制的integer数转换为string类型
//即:把输入的int型操作数x,转变成可以放在buffer[]中的string类型
expression=buffer; //用expression指针指向buffer[]数组空间的起始位置
}
bool dex=Search(4);
if(!dex) cout<<"Fail!!!"<<endl;

return 0;
}
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