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francisxmc

木虫 (知名作家)

小木虫道德底线看门人

[交流] 【求助】如何确定的地球年龄是46亿年?》

同位素么?怎么测的

[ Last edited by star580 on 2009-7-5 at 16:45 ]
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quaternary

金虫 (著名写手)

Uranium-lead and thorium-lead
The transmutation of uranium to lead is the classical example of radioactive change. Uranium-238 decays to lead-206 with a half-life of 4,530,000,000 years; uranium-235 decays to lead-207, half-life 713,000,000 years; and thorium-232 decays to lead-208, half-life of 13,890,000,000 years.
238U → 206Pb+84He
235U → 207Pb+74He
232Th → 208Pb+64He
Although many rocks contain uranium, there are few really satisfactory minerals for age dating. The method is most successful in the range of 100 million years to 5 billion years. However, use of the lead methods has greatly declined as the potassium-argon method has improved.
        The production of radiogenic lead from uranium or thorium is a steplike process in which a series of radioactive products are produced, each one of which has its peculiar half-life and chemical properties. Two members of the uranium radioactive decay series, thorium-230 and protactinium-231, have low solubilities in natural waters and hence are not readily available for inclusion in shells or skeletons of aquatic animals. Uranium on the other hand has been found to enter into living coral skeletons and the extent to which thorium-230 or protactinium-231 has been produced in a specimen can be used as a measure of age. The method is mostly restricted to dating of corals in the 10,000 to 400,000-year age range. Another application of the method is the dating of stalactites in caves.



Source: William Lee Stokes, 1978, ‘Introduction to Geology’, 2nd edition, pp324
7楼2007-12-30 22:39:16
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leepee

银虫 (小有名气)

放射性同位素的方法
目前已知地球上最老的岩石年龄大约是35亿年
目前流行的说法地球形成于46亿年前,这是根据落在地球上最老火星和月球陨石的年龄,据此推测地球年龄也是46亿年。阿波罗带回的月岩分析结果是45亿2700万,比较接近这一年龄
一般的《地球化学》书中都会讲到这个
2楼2007-12-28 06:18:27
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francisxmc

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小木虫道德底线看门人

谢谢,不过还是个暂时性的年龄吧
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3楼2007-12-28 09:40:03
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krew_7

铁杆木虫 (正式写手)

最新年龄好像是45.57亿年吧!
4楼2007-12-28 11:07:43
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