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帮忙翻译化学文献中的英文 英译汉5、12
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5. Analysis. Finely ground powders were examined with a Rigaku Ultima VI powder X-ray diff -ractometer (PXRD) with Cu K radiation (Kα1, λ = 1.5406 Å and Kα2, λ = 1.5444 Å . Crystal structures of the oxide and the resulting nitride were confirmed by PXRD pro files using the GSAS package. The nitride crystalline domain size can be estimated from a Rietveld fit of the Lorentzian function, as discussed previously in the synthesis of metal (oxy)nitrides from Zn-containing oxides. 34 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) were performed with a LEO-1550 field emission SEM (FSEM). Approximately 2 mg of CrN was dispersed in 2 mL of ethanol. The solution was sonicated for 30 min, and then one drop of the solution was transferred by glass pipet onto a TEM copper grid (3.05 mm holey carbon, Sigma-Aldrich). Transmission electronmicroscopy (TEM) was performed with a FEI T12 Spirit TEM STEM. Nitrogen adsorption/desorption isotherms were measured at −196 °C using a Micromeritics ASAP 2020 system. The samples were degassed at 200 °C for 24 h on a vacuum line. Elemental analyses of nitrogen and oxygen content of the nitride samples were done with a LECO TC-600 analyzer using the inert gas fusion method. Nitrogen was detected as N 2 by thermal conductivity, and oxygen was detected as CO 2 by infrared detection. The apparatus was calibrated using Leco standard oxides; Si 2 N 2 O and TaN were used as nitrogen standards. 34 A four-point probe measurement of conductivity of the compressed powders at a relatively low pressure of 35 bar was used to estimate the electrical conductivity of compressed mesoporous CrN powder. 12. A simple method for synthesizing high surface area mesoporous CrN by the ammonolysis of bulk K2Cr2O7 has been presented. The proposed mechanism involves phase separation of K salts from CrN and a condensation of K and O vacancies to form mesopores. The CrN synthesized was electrochemically stable up to 1.2 V. A mesoporous CrN supported Pt catalyst (Pt/CrN) showed a greater intrinsic catalytic surface area, greater electrocatalytic activity, slower deterioration rate, and greater steady-state current than a conventional Pt/C catalyst toward methanol electrooxidation. This improved performance is mainly due to the high corrosion resistance and high conductivity of the mesoporous CrN support, coupled with a synergistic behavior between Pt and CrN that allows faster oxidation of CO produced by methanol oxidation. It follows that mesoporous CrN should be further studied as a high performance catalyst support that could potentially replace standard carbon catalyst supports in DMFCs. |
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5。分析。充分磨细的粉末用日本理学奥德（ Rigaku Ultima ）VI X-射线粉末衍射仪（PXRD）检查Cu K射线（Kα1，λ=1.5406埃，Kα2，λ=1.5444埃）。所得氧化物、氮化物晶体结构使用GSAS包经PXRD证实。氮化物结晶结构尺寸可以从洛伦兹函数的Rietveld拟合来估计，具体方法见如前所述的从含Zn的金属氧化物合成金属（氧）氮化物。34以LEO-1550场发射扫描电子显微镜进行扫描电子显微镜（SEM）分析和能量色散X射线分析（EDX）。约2毫克的CrN分散于2mL乙醇，超声处理30分钟，然后通过玻璃移液管转移一滴溶液到TEM铜网（3.05毫米多孔碳，Sigma-Aldrich公司）。 FIE T12 Spirit TEM STEM电镜系统进行透射电镜（TEM）扫描，麦克ASAP 2020系统在 -196°C氮吸附/解吸等温线测量。在200℃下在真空24小时对样品进行脱气。LECO TC-600分析仪惰性气体熔融法氮化后样品的氮元素和氧元素的含量分析。氮元素的含量分析检测的是N2热传导性，氧则通过红外线检测CO 2。用Leco标准氧化物校准设备;硅2 N 2 O和氮化钽作氮标准；34压缩粉末在相对低的压力下的导电性四点探针测量用来估计压缩介孔氮化铬粉末的导电性。 12。有人提出通过大量重铬酸钾的氨解合成高表面积介孔CrN的简单方法，认为K盐从氮化铬分离、K和O空位的缩合形成中孔。合成的氮化铬电化学稳定性在中孔CrN载体Pt催化剂（铂/ CRN）达到1.2 V A，显现了较大的内在催化剂表面积，较大的电催化活性，较慢的退化速度，以及比传统的Pt / C甲醇电氧化催化剂更高的稳定电流。性能改进主要由于耐腐蚀性和中孔CrN支持物的高导电性，加上Pt和氮化铬之间的协同效应，允许甲醇氧化而产生的一氧化碳的快速氧化。由此可见，中孔的CrN作为一种高性能的催化剂载体值得进一步研究，在直接甲醇燃料电池极有可能替代标准的碳催化剂载体。 |
2楼2013-12-01 19:34:25