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帮忙翻译化学文献中的英文 英译汉2-3
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2. Transition metal nitrides (TMNs) are ideal candidates for noble metal catalyst supports in DMFCs because they are highly electrically conductive (metallic), thermally stable with high melting points, electrochemically stable in fuel cell operating conditions, and exhibit exceptional hardness and corrosion resistance. 21−23 However, in terms of fuel cell application, there are few publications dealing with metal nitrides as catalyst supports. The performance of a tungsten nitride supported on carbon black (W 2 N/C) as a non-noble electrocatalyst for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in PEMFCs has been reported; this report concluded that the activity of the W 2 N/C catalyst toward the ORR was inferior to that of commercially available Pt/C catalysts already widely used in PEMFCs. 24 Titanium nitride (TiN) seems to be the most widely studied, but it suffers from wear and corrosion in acidic environments. 9,25,26 In contrast, chromium nitride (CrN) has high resistance to wear and corrosion. 27,28 CrN has been used as a coating material for bipolar plates in fuel cells, which is an important component of PEMFC stacks. 29,30 3. Various synthetic approaches to nanostructured metal nitrides have been reported including vapor deposition, nanopatterning, or other templating. 31−33 We recently reported a simple route for preparing mesoporous, conducting nitrides from Zn, Cd, or K-containing ternary transition metal oxides. 22,34,35 The reported nitride materials result from the condensation of atomic scale voids created by the evaporative loss of Zn or Cd, the replacement of 3 oxygen anions by 2 nitrogen anions, and, in most cases, the loss of oxygen to form water on the reduction of the transition metal. In the K case, the byproduct does not sublime away, but may be removed by washing with water. In this Article, we demonstrate a facile synthesis of mesoporous CrN with smaller pores and higher surface area than attainable using Zn- or Cd-containing precursor oxides from a potassium-containing oxide. We subsequently show that the CrN can be used as a Pt catalyst support for methanol electrooxidation, resulting in a Pt/CrN electrocatalyst that displays both higher electrocatalytic activity and higher corrosion resistance than the conventional Pt/C catalyst in PEMFCs. |
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2 。在DMFCs（direct methanol fuel cells，DMFC）中，过渡金属氮化物（ TMNs ）是一种理想的贵金属催化剂支持物，因其为高导电性（金属） ，较高熔点热稳定，在燃料电池运行条件下电化学性质稳定，卓越的硬度和耐蚀性。 21-23然而，燃料电池应用方面鲜有处理金属氮化物作为催化剂载体的专著。炭黑（W 2 N / C ）支持氮化钨作为一个非贵金属电催化剂在PEMFC催化氧还原反应（ ORR）的性能已见报道。结论是，在W 2 N / C催化剂对ORR催化活性劣于已广泛用于PEMFC的市售Pt / C催化剂。 24氮化钛（TIN）似乎研究最广泛，但是易磨损，酸性环境中易受到腐蚀。 9,25,26相反，氮化铬（氮化铬）耐磨和耐腐蚀。 27,28CrN在燃料电池中已用作双极板涂层材料，双极板是燃料电池的重要组成部分。 29,30 3。已报道纳米金属氮化物合成方法包括气相沉积，纳米图案或其他模板。 31-33最近，我们报道了制备介孔的简单路径，对锌，镉，或含有K-三元过渡金属氧化物进行氮化。 22,34,35报告氮化物材料由Zn或Cd的蒸发损失，3氧阴离子置换由2个氮阴离子产生原子级的空隙缩合产生。并且，在大多数情况下，过渡金属还原损失的氧形成水。在K的情况下，副产物不会消失，但可通过用水洗涤除去。本文中，我们展示了一个浅显的合成具有比现存使用锌或镉含钾氧化物前体氧化物更小的孔和更大的表面积介孔氮化铬。我们随后表明，氮化铬可作为甲醇电化学氧化的Pt催化剂载体，产生的Pt /氮化铬电催化剂与PEMFC传统的Pt / C催化剂比较，具有更高电催化活性和更好的耐腐蚀性。 PEMFC这个词应该比较简单，没有翻译！ |
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