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Reading and summary_for smart investor_begin from Nov26 ÒÑÓÐ1È˲ÎÓë
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¶ÁÊé±Ê¼Ç£¬ÐĵÃÕªÒªµÈ£º ¼Æ»®£ºÕùȡһ¸öÔÂÒÔÄÚ¶ÁÍêÕâ±¾°²È«±ß¼Ê &Notes To The Book ¡°Margin Of Safety¡± Author: Seth Klarman,1991 È»ºó ÄDZ¾Ö¸ÄÏ--£¬ È»ºó²Æ±¨Ïà¹Ø----------------- Introduction ¡°This book alone will not turn anyone into a successful value investor. Value investing requires a great deal of hard work, unusually strict discipline and a long-term investment horizon.¡± ¡°This book is a blueprint that, if carefully followed, offers a good possibility of investment successes with limited risk.¡± Understand why things work. Memorizing formulas give the appearance of competence. Klarman describes the book as one about ¡°thinking about investing.¡± I interpret much of the introduction of the book, as to not actively buy and sell investments, but to demonstrate an ¡°ability to make long-term investment decisions based on business fundamentals.¡± As I completed the book, I realize that Klarman does not embrace the long term approach in the same fashion I do. Yet, the key is to always determine if value still exists. Value is factored in with tax costs and other costs. Fight the crowd. I think what Klarman is saying is that it is warm and fuzzy in the middle of crowds. You do not need to be warm and fuzzy with investing. Stay unemotional in business and investing! Study the behavior of investors and speculators. Their actions ¡°often inadvertently result in the creation of opportunities for value investors.¡± ¡°The most beneficial time to be a value investor is when the market is falling.¡± ¡°Value investors invest with a margin of safety that protects from large losses in declining markets.¡± I have only begun the book, but am curious as to how any value investor could have stayed out of the way of 1973 ¨C1974 bear market. Some would argue that Buffett exited the business during this period. Yet, it is my understanding, and I could be wrong, that Berkshire shares took a big drop in that period. Also, Buffett referred his investors who were leaving the partnership to Sequoia Fund. Sequoia Fund is a long term value investment mutual fund. They also had a horrendous time during the 1973 ¨C1974 massacre. ¡°Mark Twain said that there are two times in a man¡¯s life when he should not speculate: when he can¡¯t afford it and when he can.¡± [ Last edited by newztl on 2013-11-26 at 22:45 ] |
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If investors could predict the future direction of the market, they would certainly not choose to be value investors all the time. Indeed, when securities prices are steadily increasing, a value approach is usually a handicap; out-of-favor securities tend to rise less than the public's favorites. When the market becomes fully valued on its way to being overvalued, value investors again fare poorly because they sell too soon. The most beneficial time to be a value investor is when the market is falling. This is when downside risk matters and when investors who worried only about what could go right suffer the consequences of undue optimism. Value investors invest with a margin of safety that protects them from large losses in declining markets. Those who can predict the future should participate fully,indeed on margin using borrowed money, when the market is about to rise and get out of the market before it declines. Unfortunately, many more investors claim the ability to foresee the market's direction than actually possess that ability. (I myself have not met a single one.) Those of us who know that we cannot accurately forecast security prices are well advised to consider value investing, a safe and successful strategy in all investment environments. The second section of this book, chapters 5 through 8,explores the philosophy and substance of value investing. Chapter 5 examines why most investors are risk averse and discusses the investment implications of this attitude. Chapter 6 describes the philosophy of value investing and the meaning and importance of a margin of safety. Chapter 7 considers three important underpinnings to value investing: a bottom-up approach to investment selection, an absolute-performance orientation, and analytical emphasis on risk as well as return. Chapter 8 demonstrates the principal methods of securities valuation used by value investors. The third section of this book, chapters 9 through 14, describes the value-investment process, the implementation of a value-investment philosophy. Chapter 9 explores the research and analytical process, where value investors get their ideas and how they evaluate them. Chapter 10 illustrates a number of different value-investment opportunities ranging from corporate liquidations to spinoffs and risk arbitrage. Chapters 11 and 12 examine two specialized value-investment niches: thrift conversions and financially distressed and bankrupt securities, respectively. Chapter 13 highlights the importance of good portfolio management and trading strategies. Finally, Chapter 14 provides some insight into the possible selection of an investment professional to manage your money. The value discipline seems simple enough but is apparently a difficult one for most investors to grasp or adhere to. As Buffett has often observed, value investing is not a concept that can be learned and applied gradually over time. It is either absorbed and adopted at once, or it is never truly learned. I was fortunate to learn value investing at the inception of my investment career from two of its most successful practitioners: Michael Price and the late Max L. Heine of Mutual Shares Corporation. While I had been fascinated by the stock market since childhood and frequently dabbled in the market as a teenager (with modest success), working with Max and Mike was like being let in on an incredibly valuable secret. How naive all of my previous investing suddenly seemed compared with the simple but incontrovertible logic of value investing. Indeed, once you adopt a value-investment strategy, any other investment behavior starts to seem like gambling. Introduction xxi Throughout this book I criticize certain aspects of the investment business as currently practiced. Many of these criticisms of the industry appear as generalizations and refer more to the pressures brought about by the structure of the investment business than the failings of the individuals within it. I also give numerous examples of specific investments throughout this book. Many of them were made over the past nine years by my firm for the benefit of our clients and indeed proved quite profitable. The fact that we made money on them is not the point, however. My goal in including them is to demonstrate the variety of value-investment opportunities that have arisen and become known to me during the past decade; an equally long and rich list of examples failed to make it into the final manuscript. I find value investing to be a stimulating, intellectually challenging, ever changing, and financially rewarding discipline. I hope you invest the time to understand why I find it so in the pages that follow. [ Last edited by newztl on 2014-1-21 at 16:33 ] |

3Â¥2013-11-26 23:33:04
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