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2.    Previous  studies  have  examined  Pt  coated  or  Pt  alloyed catalysts for improved  ORR activity and/or reduced cost. Since the substrate or alloyed metal typically has a lower cost than Pt, normalizing activity to the total metal mass does not adequately demonstrate the cost savings this class of catalyst o ff ers. While this study completed ORR activity analyses in terms of total metal mass and Pt mass, dollar activities were also included to objectively quantify the cost bene fi t of Pt coated copper (Cu) nanowires (Pt/CuNWs). Dollar activities were derived as a cost normalized ORR mass activity and calculated using fi ve year metal price averages (July 2006−2011) for Pt ($1414.7 t oz−1 ), Cu ($ 6.3 t oz−1 ), and silver (Ag, $ 17.3 t oz −1 ). In  terms  of  dollar  activity,  the  DOE  mass  activity  target corresponded to 9.7 A $−1 .
3.    Previously, Ag nanowire (AgNW) templated Pt nanotubes (PtNTs  (Ag))  were  synthesized  by  galvanically  displacing AgNWs  and  studied  for  ORR  activity. 9,10 Because  of  low surface area, PtNTs (Ag) are unable to meet the dollar target in their  current  form.  Furthermore,  Pt  coated  AgNWs  are impractical  as  acidic  ORR  catalysts  because  of  the  strong antisegregation energy (theoretically 0.34 eV atom −1 for a Pt impurity on a Ag host). 11 The alloy formation does not allow a complete  Pt  shell  and  the  presence  of  Ag  is  a  liability  for corrosion fi rst on the surface and then the bulk, eventually destroying the catalyst.

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