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peng_qq_360

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[资源] 分享几本在纳米晶基础研究，性质以及应用方面比较有用的书

之前发过一次，但是实在太乱了，这次稍微整理了下。这基本书在纳米晶研究中有很重要的地位。喜欢的虫子可以拿去。由于时间关系，我只对其中的三本做了简介，其他的感兴趣的虫子可以简介作为补充。
原帖含有更多资源：http://muchong.com/bbs/viewthread.php?tid=6591003&fpage=1

Grain Boundary migration in Metals          By  Gottstein  Shvindlerman  2010
The book is intended to serve as a source of information and reference for scientists working in related fields comprising interface physics and materials science of microstructure evolution and property control. We tried to give both the physics and materials science com munity easy access to the complemen-tary issues by providing auxiliary chapters on an introductory level on grain boundary physics and microstructure evolution in terms of recrystallization,grain growth and textures.
1 Thermodynamics of Grain Boundaries
1.1 Introductory Remarks ...................... 1
1.2 Thermodynamics of Surfaces .................. 2
1.3 Experiments ............................ 44
1.4 Applications of Grain Boundary Thermodynamics . . . . . . 69
1.5 The Equilibrium Shape of Grain Boundaries . . . . . . . . . . 102
2 Structure of Grain Boundaries 111
2.1 Terminology and Definitions ...................111
2.2 Atomic Structure of Grain Boundaries . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
3 Grain Boundary Motion 135
3.1 Fundamentals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
3.2 Driving Forces for Grain Boundary Migration . . . . . . . . . 140
3.3 Drag Effects During Grain Boundary Motion . . . . . . . . . 144
3.4 Measurement of Grain Boundary Mobility . . . . . . . . . . . 181
3.5 Experimental Results .......................217
3.6 Effect of Wetting Phase Transitions on Grain Boundary Migration ................285
3.7 Compensation Effect in Grain Boundary Motion . . . . . . . 294
3.8 Mechanisms of Grain Boundary Migration . . . . . . . . . . . 311
4 Thermodynamics and Kinetics of Connected Grain Boundaries 329
4.1 Microstructural Elements of Polycrystals . . . . . . . . . . . . 329
4.2 ThermodynamicsofTripleJunctions ..............331
4.3 Motion of a Grain Boundary System with Triple Junctions . . 337
4.4 Triple Junctions Motion in the Presence of Impurities . . . . 341
4.5 Experimental Investigations of Triple Junction Motion . . . . 344
4.6 Triple Junction Drag and Grain Growth in 2D Polycrystals . 374
4.7 Grain Growth in 3D Systems ..................412
4.8 Kinetics of Grain Growth Inhibited by Vacancy Generation . 429
5 Computer Simulation of Grain Boundary Motion 451
5.1 Introduction ............................451
5.2 DrivingForceConcepts .....................460
5.3 Migration of [001] Twist Grain Boundaries . . . . . . . . . . . 466
5.4 Motion of Tilt Boundaries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 476
5.5 CompensationEffect .......................483
5.6 Comparison with Experiments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 484
5.7 Grain Boundary Diffusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 485
5.8 AtomicMechanisms .......................495
5.9 Simulation of Triple Junction Motion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 497
6 Applications 509
6.1 Characterization of Microstructure and Texture . . . . . . . . 509
6.2 Recrystallization annd Grain Growth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 535
6.3 On Precipitation-Controlled Grain Size .............563
6.4 Mechanisms on Retardation of Grain Growth . . . . . . . . . 573
6.5 Grain Boundary Junction Engineering

Grain Boundary segregation in Metals
By Lejcek 2010

The book is composed of several chapters. After a brief introduction (Chap. 1),
information on the structure, and geometric and thermodynamic description of
the grain boundaries is given in Chap. 2, which is necessary for further reading.
Chapter 3 is devoted to an overview of experimental methods used for measurement
of interfacial chemistry and of computer simulations of grain boundary segregation.
The current thermodynamic description o f equilibrium grain boundary segregation
is outlined in Chap. 4. A discussion of the various effects on this process is described
in Chap. 5. Thorough attention is paid here to the anisotropic behavior of grain
boundary segregation and its prediction. Kinetics of grain boundary segregation andthe fundamental features of non-equilibriumsegregation, including the interaction
of grain boundary segregation and migration is provided in Chap. 6. Chapter 7 is
devoted to the discussion of the consequences of grain boundary segregation for
selected physicochemical properties and metallurgical phenomena.

1 Introduction .................................................................... 1
2 Grain Boundaries: Description, Structure and Thermodynamics ....... 5
2.1 Crystallographic Description of Grain Boundaries ..................... 5
2.2 Atomic Structure of Grain Boundaries .................................. 8
2.3 Classification of High-Angle Grain Boundaries ........................ 13
2.4 Basic Thermodynamics of Grain Boundaries ........................... 22
3 Approaches to Study Grain Boundary Segregation........................ 25
3.1 Basic Definitions and Terminology ...................................... 25
3.2 Experimental Methods for Study of Grain Boundary Segregation ..... 26
3.3 Theoretical Approaches to Study Grain Boundary Segregation........ 38
4 Models of Equilibrium Grain Boundary Segregation ..................... 51
4.1 Thermodynamics of Grain Boundary Segregation...................... 51
4.2 Gibbs Adsorption Isotherm .............................................. 52
4.3 Langmuir–McLean Types of Segregation Isotherm .................... 55
4.4 Models for Thermodynamic Functions of Interfacial Segregation ..... 94
5 Effect of Variables on Equilibrium Grain Boundary Segregation ........103
5.1 Temperature and Bulk Composition .....................................103
5.2 Pressure ...................................................................107
5.3 Magnetic Effects.......................................................... 108
5.4 Grain Boundary Energy.................................................. 111
5.5 Nature of Segregating Element ..........................................129
5.6 Grain Size ................................................................. 141
5.7 Prediction of Grain Boundary Segregation .............................. 146
6 Principles of Non-equilibrium Segregation .................................153
6.1 Kinetics of Grain Boundary Segregation ................................ 153
6.2 Non-equilibrium Segregation............................................ 158
7 Grain Boundary Segregation and Related Phenomena ....................173
7.1 Grain Boundary Cohesion ............................................... 173
7.2 Grain Boundary Corrosion............................................... 185
7.3 Grain Boundary Diffusion............................................... 190
7.4 Grain Boundary Engineering............................................ 196

NANOSTRUCTURED MATERIALS Processing, Properties and Potential Applications
By Koch et al 2002
1 Chemical Synthesis and Processing of Nanostructure Powders and Films .......... 3
1.0 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................. 3
2.0 PARTICLES .......................................................................................... 5
2.1 Nucleation and Growth .................................................................. 5
2.2 Stable Dispersion and Agglomeration ............................................ 6
2.3 Metals, Intermetallics, Alloys, and Composites ........................... 10
2.4 Ceramics ...................................................................................... 20
2.5 Host-Derived Hybrid Materials .................................................... 24
2.6 Stabilized Dispersions .................................................................. 29
2.7 Surfactant Membrane Mediated Synthesis .................................. 30
3.0 FILMS AND COATINGS ................................................................... 34
3.1 Metals .......................................................................................... 34
3.2 Ceramics ...................................................................................... 36
4.0 SUMMARY......................................................................................... 39
2 Thermal Spray Processing of Nanocrystalline Materials ......... 51
Maggy L. Lau and Enrique J. Lavernia
1.0 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................... 51
2.0 SYNTHESIS OF NANOCRYSTALLINE POWDER FOR
THERMAL SPRAYING ..................................................................... 53
3.0 THERMAL SPRAYING ..................................................................... 57
3.1 Coating Characteristics ................................................................ 58
4.0 MODELING........................................................................................ 64
4.1 Particle Dynamics ........................................................................ 65
4.2 In-Flight Heat Transfer ................................................................ 65
4.3 Oxidation Behavior ...................................................................... 67
5.0 CONCLUSIONS ................................................................................. 68
3 Nanostructured Materials and Composites Prepared by Solid State Processing ....... 73
Hans J. Fecht
1.0 INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND ........................................ 73
2.0 PHENOMENOLOGY OF NANOSTRUCTURE FORMATION ...... 75
3.0 HIGH-ENERGY BALL MILLING AND MECHANICAL
ATTRITION ....................................................................................... 77
3.1 Examples ..................................................................................... 77
3.2 Mechanism of Grain Size Reduction ........................................... 85
3.3 Property—Microstructure Relationships ...................................... 91
4.0 PHASE STABILITY AT ELEVATED TEMPERATURES .............. 95
5.0 SEVERE PLASTIC DEFORMATION ............................................... 99
5.1 General........................................................................................ 99
5.2 Cold Rolling of Thin Sheets ....................................................... 100
5.3 Friction-Induced Surface Modifications ..................................... 102
6.0 SUMMARY AND OUTLOOK ......................................................... 106
4 Nanocrystalline Powder Consolidation Methods ........ 115
Joanna R. Groza
1.0 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................. 115
2.0 SPECIFIC ISSUES IN THE DENSIFICATION OF
NANOCRYSTALLINE POWDERS ................................................ 117
2.1 Thermodynamic and Kinetic Effects ......................................... 117
2.2 Sintering Mechanisms ................................................................ 120
2.3 Impurity Role ............................................................................. 127
2.4 Green Density of Nanopowders ................................................ 129
2.5 Pore Size and Its Effects on the Densification Behavior ........... 137
2.6 Grain Growth ............................................................................. 141
3.0 METHODS FOR FULL DENSIFICATION OF NANOPOWDERS 144
3.1 Characterization of Nanomaterials Densification: Density
and Grain Size Measurements ................................................... 144
3.2 Conventional Sintering............................................................... 146
3.3 Pressure Effects in Nanopowder Consolidation ......................... 150
3.4 Pressure-Assisted Consolidation Methods ................................. 155
3.5 Non-Conventional Sintering Methods ........................................ 158
4.0 SUMMARY....................................................................................... 160
5 Electrodeposited Nanocrystalline Materials ................ 179
Uwe Erb, Karl T. Aust, and Gino Palumbo
1.0  INTRODUCTION ........................................................................... 179
2.0 SYNTHESIS OF NANOSTRUCTURED MATERIALS BY
ELECTRODEPOSITION ................................................................. 179
3.0 STRUCTURE OF NANOCRYSTALLINE METAL
ELECTRODEPOSITS ...................................................................... 183
4.0  PROPERTIES .................................................................................. 187
4.1 Mechanical Properties ............................................................... 187
4.2 Corrosion Properties .................................................................. 193
4.3 Hydrogen Transport and Activity .............................................. 197
4.4 Magnetic Properties ................................................................... 200
4.5 Thermal Stability ....................................................................... 202
4.6 Thermal Expansion and Heat Capacity ...................................... 205
4.7 Electrical Properties ................................................................... 207
5.0 APPLICATIONS .............................................................................. 208
5.1 Structural Application s ..............................................................  20 9
5.2 Functional Applications.............................................................. 211
5.3 Coating Applications.................................................................. 214
6 Computer Simulation of Nanomaterials ...................... 223
Philip C. Clapp
1.0 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................. 223
2.0 NANOPARTICLES .......................................................................... 226
2.1 Phase Stability (Liquid, Amorphous, and Crystalline) ............... 226
2.2 Surface Properties ..................................................................... 227
3.0 NANOCONTACTS........................................................................... 228
3.1 Adhesion .................................................................................... 228
3.2 Friction...................................................................................... 229
3.3 Electrical Conductance .............................................................. 230
4.0 NANOFILMS .................................................................................... 231
4.1 Formation: General Methods ..................................................... 231
4.2 Formation: Liquid Droplet and Cluster Beam Deposition .......... 231
4.3 Formation: Vapor and Molecular Beam Deposition ................... 232
4.4 Mechanical Instabilities and Defects in Thin Films .................... 233
4.5 Chemical Instabilities and Phase Separation .............................. 233
4.6 Free Surfaces ............................................................................. 236
5.0 NANOGRAIN MATERIALS ............................................................ 238
5.1 Grain Boundary Structure and Energy ...................................... 238
5.2 Grain Boundary Segregation Effects ......................................... 239
5.3 Sintering ..................................................................................... 241
5.4 Recrystallization ......................................................................... 243
5.5 Grain Growth ............................................................................. 245
5.6 Strength ..................................................................................... 247
7 Diffusion in Nanocrystalline Materials ......................... 267
Roland Würschum, Ulrich Brossmann, and Hans-Eckhardt Schaefer
1.0 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................. 267
2.0 MODELING OF INTERFACE DIFFUSION ................................... 269
3.0 DIFFUSION IN GRAIN BOUNDARIES OF METALS .................. 270
4.0 DIFFUSION IN NANOCRYSTALLINE METALS ......................... 271
4.1 Results and Discussion .............................................................. 271
4.2 Correlation Between Diffusion and Crystallite Growth ............. 279
5.0 DIFFUSION IN THE NANOCRYSTALLINE ALLOY
FINEMET ......................................................................................... 282
6.0 DIFFUSION OF HYDROGEN IN NANOCRYSTALLINE
METALS AND ALLOYS ................................................................. 286
7.0 DIFFUSION IN NANOCRYSTALLINE CERAMICS ..................... 287
8 Nanostructured Materials for Gas Reactive
Applications.................................................................... 301
Michel L. Trudeau
1.0 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................. 301
2.0 CATALYSIS AND ELECTROCATALYSIS ................................... 302
2.1 Impact of Structure on Catalysis and Electrocatalysis
Processes ................................................................................... 303
2.2 Nanostructure Design ................................................................ 306
3.0 GAS SENSORS ................................................................................. 317
3.1 Impact of Nanostructure on the Physical Principles of
Semiconductor Sensors ............................................................. 318
3.2 Nanostructured Design .............................................................. 325
4.0 HYDROGEN STORAGE ................................................................. 333
4.1 Properties of Hydrogen Storage Compounds ............................ 334
4.2 Nanostructured Design .............................................................. 336
xxii Contents
5.0 CONCLUSION ................................................................................. 341
9 Magnetic Properties Of Nanocrystalline Materials ............................................................. 355
Akihisa Inoue and Akihiro Makino
1.0 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................. 355
2.0 Fe-M-B (M = Zr, Hf, or Nb) AMORPHOUS ALLOYS
AND THEIR CRYSTALLIZATION-INDUCED
NANOSTRUCTURE ........................................................................ 356
3.0 SOFT MAGNETIC PROPERTIES AND STRUCTURAL
ANALYSES OF Fe-M-B    (M = Zr, Hf, or Nb)
NANOCRYSTALLINE TERNARY ALLOYS ................................ 360
4.0 IMPROVEMENT OF SOFT MAGNETIC PROPERTIES BY THE ADDITION OF SMALL AMOUNTS OF SOLUTE  ELEMENTS ...................................................................................... 369
5.0 IMPROVEMENT OF HIGH-FREQUENCY PERMEABILITY BY THE DISSOLUTION OF OXYGEN INTO THE SURROUNDING AMORPHOUS PHASE ....................................... 376
5.1 As-Sputtered Structure .............................................................. 376
5.2 Magnetic Properties ................................................................... 381
6.0 APPLICATIONS .............................................................................. 389
7.0 CONCLUSIONS ............................................................................... 393
10 Mechanical Behavior of Nanocrystalline Metals ........ 397
Julia R. Weertman
1.0 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................. 397
2.0 MODELS OF MECHANICAL BEHAVIOR OFNANOCRYSTALLINE MATERIALS ....... 398
3.0 CHARACTERIZATION OF NANOCRYSTALLINE METALS ..... 405
4.0 MECHANICAL BEHAVIOR ............................................................ 409
5.0 CONCLUSIONS ............................................................................... 418
11 Structure Formation and Mechanical Behavior of Two-Phase Nanostructured Materials ..423
Jürgen Eckert
1.0 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................. 423
2.0 METHODS  OF  PREPARATION ................................................... 425
2.1 Rapid Solidification Techniques ................................................ 425
2.2 Mechanical Attrition.................................................................. 427
2.3 Devitrification of Metallic Glasses ............................................. 432
3.0 PHENOMENOLOGY OF NANOSTRUCTURE FORMATIONAND TYPICAL MICROSTRUCTURES 438
3.1 Rapidly Solidified Materials ..................................................... 439
3.2 Conventional Solidification and Devitrification of Bulk Samples ............ 458
3.3 Mechanically Attrited Powders ................................................ 468
4.0 MECHANICAL  PROPERTIES  AT  ROOM  ANDELEVATED  TEMPERATURES ....... 482
4.1 Al-Based Two-Phase Nanostructured Alloys ........................... 483
4.2 Mg-Based Amorphous and Nanostructured Alloys ................. 488
4.3 Zr-Based Alloys ........................................................................ 494
4.4 Mechanically Attrited Composites ........................................... 502
5.0 SUMMARY AND OUTLOOK ........................................................ 511
12 Nanostructured Electronics and Optoelectronic Materials .............. 527
Raphael Tsu and Qi Zhang
1.0 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................. 527
2.0 PHYSICS OF NANOSTRUCTURED MATERIALS ...................... 528
2.1 Quantum Confinement: Superlattices and Quantum Wells ........ 528
2.2 Dielectric Constant of Nanoscale Silicon ................................... 529
2.3 Doping of a Nanoparticle ........................................................... 531
2.4 Excitonic Binding and Recombination Energies ......................... 533
2.5 Capacitance in a Nanoparticle .................................................... 535
2.6 Structure, Bonds, and Coordinations of Si Nanostructure

orous Si and Si Clusters ...... 538
3.0 APPLICATIONS .............................................................................. 541
3.1 Porous Silicon ........................................................................... 541
3.2 Photoluminescence in nc-Si/SiO2 Superlattices ....................... 543
3.3 Luminescence from Clusters .................................................... 545
3.4 Hetero-Epilattice Si/O Superlattice .......................................... 546
3.5 Amorphous Silicon/Oxide Superlattice .................................... 550
3.6 nc-Si in an Oxide Matrix .......................................................... 550
3.7 Electronic Applications of HEL-Si/O Superlattices ................. 552
3.8 Single Electron Transistor ........................................................ 554
3.9 Quantum Dot Laser ................................................................... 559
4.0 EPILOGUE ....................................................................................... 562[ Last edited by peng_qq_360 on 2013-11-8 at 18:44 ]

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