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Use of acetylcholinesterase activity to detect sublethal toxicity in stream invertebrates exposed to low concentrations of organophosphate insecticides Kristin E. Day, Ian M. Scott 文献网站http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0166445X9090021G 接受邮箱：hepin1314@126.com Abstract Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity was measured in selected species of aquatic invertebrates using two methodologies based on the Ellman technique — a modified kit procedure using the spectrophotometer (BMC procedure) and a microplate assay. Levels of AChE ranged from 12.7 mU/mg protein for Daphnia magna to 96.9 mU/mg protein for Hydropsyche spp. The coefficients of variation (CVs) for the microplate technique were much lower than the CVs for the BMC procedure (e.g., 6.9 to 25.5% vs. 34.6 to 55.4%) and allowed measurements within single whole organisms or individual head capsules. Exposure of invertebrates to low concentrations of the organophosphate insecticides, azinphosmethyl and fenitrothion, did not result in a significant depression in AChE levels with one exception, i.e. levels of AChE in Hyalella azteca declined to 55.2% of control levels following 24 h exposure to 2.0 μg azinophosmethyl/l. Exposure for longer periods (48 to 96 h) did not result in reduced levels. Exposure of the stonefly, Claassenia sp., to chlorpyrifos significantly lowered AChE levels by 30.7–45.1% at concentrations approaching lethality (⩾40 μg/l). The results indicate that measurement of the activity of AChE in aquatic invertebrates exposed to field concentrations of organophosphate insecticides may be a useful biochemical technique but only for detecting acute toxicity following exposure in the field. In addition, choice of species may be important in the detection of sublethal effects. [ Last edited by 卡西西VS鸣人 on 2013-10-2 at 08:32 ] |
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卡西西VS鸣人: 金币+10, ★★★★★最佳答案 2014-01-10 10:34:47
卡西西VS鸣人: 金币+10, ★★★★★最佳答案 2014-01-10 10:34:47
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2013-12-20 20:39:42, 748.87 K
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