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war3one金虫 (著名写手)
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[求助]
求助一段翻译,生物质预处理方向
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相比于稀酸预处理,碱预处理可以更有效的提高酶解的效率,并且更低浓度的抑制物.但是限制其应用的原因一方面是其成本比稀酸高,另一方面是其处理液含有很高浓度的木质素,低浓度的单糖,难以像稀酸处理液一样被利用.直接将碱处理液排放会严重的污染环境并且造成资源的浪费.如果利用硫酸将木质素回收,再次利用酸性的回收液处理生物质,不但可以利用副产物冲抵纤维素乙醇的成本,而且减少了处理废水的成本,对碱预处理的发展有重大作用.预处理液糖的变化和抑制物的变化如表3和表4. 通过H2SO4可以回收2g的木质素,这些木质素被证明可以通过改性在工业领域有很广泛的应用.通过高速离心以及活性炭脱毒后,处理液中的还原糖和抑制物都都显著性的降低达到很低的水平,如果直接利用这个pH=8的回收液再次进行预处理,可能需要更高的预处理温度,为了降低设备的要求,我们将硫酸的浓度补足到5%,在121度进行预处理10h,再次回收处理液后,还原糖的浓度达到了53g/L,其中木糖占有主要的地位,达到了73g/L.并且抑制物的浓度很低,低于碱处理液水平,但是出现了5-hydroxymethylfurfural.我们相信这么低的浓度对菌的生长影响是很小的.如果利用预处理液进行乙醇的生产是很不划算的,因为其糖浓度过低,但是补加营养物质,比如酵母粉和蛋白胨,作为种子液增殖酵母是有利的.通过这种重复的预处理过程,回收了部分木质素和还原糖,不但达到了尽可能的充分利用生物质的目的,而且无废液排放. |
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andrewzhang
铁杆木虫 (著名写手)
超级无敌加菲
- 翻译EPI: 119
- 应助: 225 (大学生)
- 金币: 6404.9
- 散金: 410
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- 在线: 485小时
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- 注册: 2009-12-09
- 性别: GG
- 专业: 玻璃材料
【答案】应助回帖
★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ...
war3one: 金币+180, 翻译EPI+1, ★★★★★最佳答案, 谢谢了 2013-08-01 16:48:15
war3one: 金币+180, 翻译EPI+1, ★★★★★最佳答案, 谢谢了 2013-08-01 16:48:15
| When comparing to the pre-treatment by attenuated acid, the pre-treatment by basic solution was more powerful for raising the efficiency of enzymatic hydrolysis, and could work under less inihibitant. Yet its utilization was also limited, in respect that on one hand, the costs are higher than attenuated acid, on the other hand, the treated solution could not be discharged as easy as that of attenuated acid pre-treatment, because of the existence of high concentration of lignin and low concentration of monosaccharide. The direct discharge of basic treated solution would cause serious pollution and also a waste of source. But if the solution was treated by sulfuric acid to recover the lignin, the solution can be recovered and reused to treat raw materials, it is a very interesting research for the basic pre-treatment, it would not only reduce the cost by using the by-product in the place of cellulose alcohol, but also reduce the founds that spent on treatment of waste solution. The concentration changes of saccharides and inihibitants were showed in figure 3 and figure 4, respectively. |
2楼2013-07-26 17:17:35
andrewzhang
铁杆木虫 (著名写手)
超级无敌加菲
- 翻译EPI: 119
- 应助: 225 (大学生)
- 金币: 6404.9
- 散金: 410
- 红花: 45
- 帖子: 1428
- 在线: 485小时
- 虫号: 923911
- 注册: 2009-12-09
- 性别: GG
- 专业: 玻璃材料
【答案】应助回帖
| 2 g of lignin could be recovered by H2SO4, and these lignins were proven to can be used in various industrial domains after modification. The waste solution of pre-treatment, after been treated by centrifugation and acticarbon, showed a obvious decrease in the level of both saccharides and inihibitants. To use these recovered solutions, the concentration of pre-treatment solution must be raised, to reduce the requirement for equipment. The concentration of H2SO4 was replenished to 5%, pre-treatment lasted for 10h at 121 degree. The solution after the 2nd pre-treatment was analysed, and concentration of sacchariedes reached to 53g/L, among which the xylose was the principal material, with concentration of 73g/L. What's more, the concentration of inihibitant was very low, even lower than that of solution before pre-treatment, but 5-hydroxymethylfurfural was found (we believe such a small concentration could not great effect to the growth of bacteria). It is not so ideal to use this solution to product the C2H6O, because its sacchariede concentration was too low; but the solution was favorable as proliferation of yeast for seeding emulsion, after addition of nitration like yeast powder or peptone. By repeating this pretreatment process, the lignin and sacchariede could be recovered, purpose of full utilization of raw materials was achieved, in addition, no waste emission was issued. |
3楼2013-07-26 17:53:49