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cosn至尊木虫 (著名写手)
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[交流]
2-Hour Lecture on Scientific Writing
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by Dr R Q Zheng Peking University November 2002 Today, I am going to talk about Scientific Writing, as Gaoyuan and I discussed earlier. However, Scientific Writing is such a big issue, that we certainly can not finish it within one or two classes, or even within a semester. Upon my understanding, almost every university in the United States will offer courses related to technical writings during undergraduate education. Although I myself received my Ph.D. degree in America, I had not taken such classes. So what I am going to teach today is mostly based on my experience in writing papers and dissertation, and on some of my readings. I will only introduce some basic ideas, give you some simple examples, and provide a general guide. Well, I wish after this time, you would start to pay attention to writing once you get chance to read, to write or even to listen to. I know, many of you will continue your education after the 4-years’ undergraduate life. Students who want to get a master or Ph.D. degree, for example, at Peking University will be required to publish your research results. Even if this is not the case, you can not avoid writing in your future work. Because you are studying chemistry, today I will mostly introduce ACS style in technical writing, where ACS is the abbreviation of American Chemical Society. |
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cosn
至尊木虫 (著名写手)
- 应助: 5 (幼儿园)
- 金币: 18777.1
- 红花: 2
- 帖子: 1647
- 在线: 179.9小时
- 虫号: 413205
- 注册: 2007-06-26
- 性别: GG
- 专业: 化工热力学和基础数据
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2) Although there is no fixed set of “writing rules” to be followed like a cook book recipe or an experimental procedure, some guidelines can be helpful. Let’s start by answering some questions: What is the function or purpose of this paper? ----Are you describing original research results? ----Are you reviewing the literature? ----Something else? How is your work different from that described in other reports on the same subject? Unless you are writing a review, be sure that your paper will make an original contribution. Some publishers, including ACS, do not publish previously published material. What is the best place for this paper to be published? Who is the audience? Answering these questions will clarify your goals and thus make it easier for you to write the paper. |
3楼2007-10-28 00:59:39
cosn
至尊木虫 (著名写手)
- 应助: 5 (幼儿园)
- 金币: 18777.1
- 红花: 2
- 帖子: 1647
- 在线: 179.9小时
- 虫号: 413205
- 注册: 2007-06-26
- 性别: GG
- 专业: 化工热力学和基础数据
|
1) Concerning the writing of a scientific paper, specific guideline for text length, preparation of figures and tables, and instructions on how to submit your paper differ from journal to journal and publisher to publisher. For ACS journals and special publications, read the Guide, Notes, Notices, or Instructions for Authors that appear in each publication’s first issue of the year and on the World Wide Web at http://pubs.acs.org. Writing a Scientific Paper Guide, Notes, Notices, or Instructions for Authors http://pubs.acs.org |
2楼2007-10-28 00:56:47
cosn
至尊木虫 (著名写手)
- 应助: 5 (幼儿园)
- 金币: 18777.1
- 红花: 2
- 帖子: 1647
- 在线: 179.9小时
- 虫号: 413205
- 注册: 2007-06-26
- 性别: GG
- 专业: 化工热力学和基础数据
|
3) Standard Format Here shows an example of standard format when you organize your material into a paper. In the section of Introduction or Background, you may introduce why you choose your research topic, what have been done by others in this field; then comes with experimental details or theoretical basis, where you introduce how to do your experiments or how to calculate in your study; followed by results and discussion, which are the main body of the paper; Finally, go to conclusions. This format has become standard because it is suitable for most reports of original research. It is basically logical, and it is easy to use. More importantly, it parallels the scientific method of deductive reasoning: define the problem, create a hypothesis, devise an experiment to test the hypothesis, conduct the experiment, and draw conclusions. Furthermore, this format enables readers to understand quickly what is being presented and to find scientific information easily. |
4楼2007-10-28 01:02:51
cosn
至尊木虫 (著名写手)
- 应助: 5 (幼儿园)
- 金币: 18777.1
- 红花: 2
- 帖子: 1647
- 在线: 179.9小时
- 虫号: 413205
- 注册: 2007-06-26
- 性别: GG
- 专业: 化工热力学和基础数据
|
4) Components of a Paper Let’s go more details of this format. This transparency shows the components of a paper. Title: The title must be briefly and grammatically correct but accurate and complete enough to stay alone. 1) A two- or three-word title may be too short, but a 14- or 15-world title is unnecessarily long. 2) Avoid phrases such as “on the”, “a sudy of”, “research on”, “report on”, “regarding”, and “use of”. 3) In most cases, omit “the” at the beginning of the title. 4) Spell out all terms in title, and avoid symbols, formulas, and abbreviations. 5) Serious titles are of little value. Some publishers do not permit them at all. 6) If you can not create a title that is short, consider breaking it into title and subtitle. Byline and Affiliation Byline: 1) Include in the byline all those, and only those, who made substantial contributions to the work, even if the paper was actually written by only one person. 2) Use your first name, initial, and surname of each author as requested by publications. Many ACS publications request at least one full given name for each author, rather than only initials. 3) Do not include professional, religious, or official titles or academic degrees. Affiliation: Affiliation is the institution at which the work was conducted. If there is more than one author, use an asterisk or superscript to indicate the author to whom correspondence should be addressed. This person is usually your boss, and he is fully responsible for the paper. For example, he will submit the paper, write to editors, answer the questions raised by reviewers, and revise the paper as suggested. |
5楼2007-10-28 01:05:34
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