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共享一篇Chem. Rev. Titanium Dioxide Nanomaterials
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2007年出来的 Titanium Dioxide Nanomaterials: Synthesis, Properties, Modifications, and Applications Xiaobo Chen* and Samuel S. Mao† Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, and University of California, Berkeley, California 94720 Received March 27, 2006 对于纳米氧化钛 进行了详细综述 1. Introduction 1 2. Synthetic Methods for TiO2 Nanostructures 2 2.1. Sol-Gel Method 2 2.2. Micelle and Inverse Micelle Methods 5 2.3. Sol Method 6 2.4. Hydrothermal Method 8 2.5. Solvothermal Method 11 2.6. Direct Oxidation Method 12 2.7. Chemical Vapor Deposition 13 2.8. Physical Vapor Deposition 14 2.9. Electrodeposition 14 2.10. Sonochemical Method 14 2.11. Microwave Method 14 2.12. TiO2 Mesoporous/Nanoporous Materials 15 2.13. TiO2 Aerogels 16 2.14. TiO2 Opal and Photonic Materials 17 2.15. Preparation of TiO2 Nanosheets 18 3. Properties of TiO2 Nanomaterials 19 3.1. Structural Properties of TiO2 Nanomaterials 19 3.2. Thermodynamic Properties of TiO2 Nanomaterials21 3.3. X-ray Diffraction Properties of TiO2 Nanomaterials22 3.4. Raman Vibration Properties of TiO2 Nanomaterials22 3.5. Electronic Properties of TiO2 Nanomaterials 23 3.6. Optical Properties of TiO2 Nanomaterials 25 3.7. Photon-Induced Electron and Hole Propertiesof TiO2 Nanomaterials28 4. Modifications of TiO2 Nanomaterials 30 4.1. Bulk Chemical Modification: Doping 31 4.1.1. Synthesis of Doped TiO2 Nanomaterials 31 4.1.2. Properties of Doped TiO2 Nanomaterials 31 4.2. Surface Chemical Modifications 36 4.2.1. Inorganic Sensitization 36 5. Applications of TiO2 Nanomaterials 39 5.1. Photocatalytic Applications 39 5.1.1. Pure TiO2 Nanomaterials: First Generation40 5.1.2. Metal-Doped TiO2 Nanomaterials: Second Generation40 5.1.3. Nonmetal-Doped TiO2 Nanomaterials:Third Generation41 5.2. Photovoltaic Applications 42 5.2.1. The TiO2 Nanocrystalline Electrode in DSSCs42 5.2.2. Metal/Semiconductor Junction Schottky Diode Solar Cell48 5.2.3. Doped TiO2 Nanomaterials-Based Solar Cell48 5.3. Photocatalytic Water Splitting 49 5.3.1. Fundamentals of Photocatalytic Water Splitting49 5.3.2. Use of Reversible Redox Mediators 49 5.3.3. Use of TiO2 Nanotubes 50 5.3.4. Water Splitting under Visible Light 51 5.3.5. Coupled/Composite Water-Splitting System52 5.4. Electrochromic Devices 52 5.4.1. Fundamentals of Electrochromic Devices 53 5.4.2. Electrochromophore for an Electrochromic Device53 5.4.3. Counterelectrode for an Electrochromic Device54 5.4.4. Photoelectrochromic Devices 55 5.5. Hydrogen Storage 55 5.6. Sensing Applications 57 6. Summary 58 7. Acknowledgment 59 8. References http://www1.51ok.com/down.do?521354F11340B08CEF2C92D5C8F90E9B7569764C6AB08B11 |
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