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Acc. Chem. Res.2013 唐本忠院士最新发表有关AIE（聚集诱导荧光）的综述
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Bioprobes Based on AIE Fluorogens 聚集诱导发光现象(AIE, aggregation induced emission)是近年来先进光电功能材料领域研究热点，其独特、反常的发光行为吸引了众多科学家的关注，目前已有的相关研究展示出此类材料在发光、传感、生物成像等领域的巨大应用前景。正传统观念认为生色团的聚集将导致荧光猝灭。与之截然相反,聚集诱导发光(AIE)是指一类在溶液中不发光的分子在聚集态发光的现象。这一综述概括了唐本忠院士利用AIE的原理开发出的一系列生物探针。 Fluorescent bioprobes are powerful tools for analytical sensing and optical imaging, which allow direct visualization of biological analytes at the molecular level and offer useful insights into complex biological structures and processes. The sensing and imaging sensitivity of a bioprobe is determined by the brightness and contrast of its fluorescence before and after analyte binding. Emission from a fluorophore is often quenched at high concentration or in aggregate state, which is notoriously known as concentration quenching or aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ). The ACQ effect limits the label-toanalyte ratio and forces researchers to use very dilute solutions of fluorophores. It compels many probes to operate in a fluorescence “turn-off” mode with a narrow scope of practical applications. The unique aggregation-induced emission (AIE) process offers a straightforward solution to the ACQ problem. Typical AIE fluorogens are characterized by their propeller-shaped rotorlike structures, which undergo low-frequency torsional motions as isolated molecules and emit very weakly in solutions. Their aggregates show strong fluorescence mainly due to the restriction of their intramolecular rotations in the aggregate state. This fascinating attribute of AIE fluorogens provides a new platform for the development of fluorescence light-up molecules and photostable nanoaggregates for specific analyte detection and imaging. In this Account, we review our recent AIE work to highlight the utility of AIE effect in the development of new fluorescent bioprobes, which allows the use of highly concentrated fluorogens for biosensing and imaging. The simple design and fluorescence turn-on feature of the molecular AIE bioprobes offer direct visualization of specific analytes and biological processes in aqueous media with higher sensitivity and better accuracy than traditional fluorescence turn-off probes. The AIE dot-based bioprobes with different formulations and surface functionalities show advanced features over quantum dots and small molecule dyes, such as large absorptivity, high luminosity, excellent biocompatibility, free of random blinking, and strong photobleaching resistance. These features enable cancer cell detection, long term cell tracing, and tumor imaging in a noninvasive and high contrast manner. Recent research has significantly expanded the scope of biological applications of AIE fluorogens and offers new strategies to fluorescent bioprobe design. We anticipate that future development on AIE bioprobes will combine one- or multiphoton fluorescence with other modalities (e.g., magnetic resonance imaging) or functionalities (e.g. therapy) to fully demonstrate their potential as a new generation of theranostic reagent. In parallel, the advances in molecular biology will provide more specific bioreceptors, which will enable the development of next generation AIE bioprobes with high selectivity and sensitivity for molecular sensing and imaging. 唐本忠院士简介： 唐本忠，男，高分子化学家。香港科技大学讲座教授。主要从事高分子合成方法论的探索、先进功能材料的开发以及聚集诱导发光（AIE)现象的研究。发明了合成炔类聚合物的新催化体系，开拓了从炔类单体制备线性和超支化高分子的新聚合途径，制备了一系列具有光、电、磁、热和生物活性的新功能材料。发现了反常的AIE现象、解释了AIE过程的机理，并将AIE效应有效地应用到发光器件、化学检测和生物传感等技术领域。曾获2007年裘槎高级研究成就奖、国家自然科学二等奖等。2009年当选中国科学院院士。 |
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