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xycheng(金币+5,VIP+0):呵呵 好巧呀， 我是长沙宁乡的，太感谢了 只是你还有其它的试题么
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北京理工大学2005年考博试题 北京理工大学2005年攻读博士学位研究生入学考试试题 Part I Listening Comprehension(20points) Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear nine short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a third voice will ask a question about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. Chose the best answer from the four choices A,B,C, and D by marking the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center. Example: You will hear: You will read: A: At the office. B: In the waiting room C: At the airport. D: In a restaurant Sample Answer: A B C -D— From the conversation we know that the two speakers are talking about ordering food. This is the most likely to have taken place in a restaurant. Therefore, D “In the restaurant” is the best answer. You should choose D on the ANSWER SHEET and mark it with a single line through the centre. 1.[A]yes, because she got some while she was shopping. [B]yes, because she wants to help him. [C]no, because she’s already spent most of it. [D]no, because she already lent it to a friend. 2.[A]Yesterday. [B]Two days ago. [C]Three days ago. [D]Early last week. 3.[A]In the hospital. [B]At an appointment. [C]In his office. [D]Out of town. 4.[A]On the hour. [B]Within an hour. [C]By the next day. [D]Before five. 5.[A]At a service station. [B]On a hill. [C]In an emergency room. [D]In a parking lot. 6.[A]That the woman come to the party. [B]A date with Barbara. [C]That the woman cook for the party. [D]Take a nap. 7.[A]Have dinner. [B]Watch television. [C]Read the newspaper. [D]Take a nap. 8.[A]She’s taking an exam on Friday. [B]She has to study on Friday. [C]She doesn’t enjoy tours very much. [D]She likes staying at home better. 9.[A]He is a mailman. [B]He is a writer. [C]He is a telephone repairman. [D]He is a dairy farmer. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear two short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the question and the passage will be spoken only once. After you hear one question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices A,B,C, and D by marking the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center. 10.[A]How the man is doing at his studies. [B]The way time passes. [C]The town they live in. [D]The things they like to do. 11.[A]It always goes too fast. [B]It always goes too slowly. [C]It seems slower when one has too much to do. [D]It seems slower when one has little to do. 12.[A]Write a paper. [B]Do an experiment. [C]Be patient. [D]Get rid of the files. 13.[A]As intelligent. [B]As typical. [C]As tall. [D]As old. 14.[A]Teach it to his daughter. [B]Become a Cherokee leader. [C]Write in his native language. [D]Fight for his tribe. 15.[A]A United States historian. [B]A member of his own family. [C]A Cherokee language teacher. [D]A leader of the Cherokees. Section C Spot Dictation Direction: In this section you will hear a passage for three times. The passage is printed below with some words missing. You must fill in the blanks with what you hear. First, the whole passage will be read at normal speed for you to get a general idea of it. Then, in the second reading, it will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with interval of 15-20 seconds in which you can write down the missing part. The last reading will be read at normal speed again for you to check your work. You are to write down the missing words on your ANSWER SHEET. Turning to the local scene, the strike by the city bus drivers has just gone into its third day. And those[16]___are continuing between the city officials and representatives of the bus drivers’ union. No settlement is in sight. The drivers say that salaries are not the main issue[17]___,that working conditions and employee[18]___ plans will have to be improved before they return to their jobs. In the mean time, city residents are coping as best they can with the city transportation company. Many people are reported to be sharing cars to and from work. And many others have[19]___the pleasure of working. Mr. Smith said that he didn’t think he would go back to[20]___the buses after the strike is over, for he thought it was healthier to walk. Part II Reading Comprehension(30points) Directions: In this part there are four passages for you to read. After each passage there are five questions, below each of whom there are four answers marked A,B,C and D. Choose the best answer and mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center. Passage One Granted, it’s a pretty serious time to be living on this planet. Insane terrorists, political finger-pointing, a string of awful hurricanes, you name it, all filling the headlines with grim reminders that life ain’t so peachy. Even reading the smaller stories in national publications seems to indicate that the world is run by grownups, and they’re busy taking the fun out of everything. The other day I was browsing through one of those magazines that explain serious science news to us dumbbells, and come across an item which announced that two different companies have perfected that a pill that contains all the good-for-you stuff found in a glass of red wine and is completely non-alcoholic. Now I’m sure there are other adults out there who, like me, were pleasantly surprised to learn that a little tipple of pinot noir with the roast duckling might not turn one into a slobbering drunk but may actually beneficial to your health. The news was a single candle, lit in a world of darkness, easing a tiny part of that big rock of guilt we constantly lug uphill. Of course, the minute the news got around, some Italian scientists began putting that age-old innocent beverage through a freeze-drying process that preserved the benefits while removing the alcohol along with all that unnecessary enjoyment. Swell news for teetotalers, but just another indication that our main focus is on getting through each grim day without a moment of relief. Sound far-fetched? Even comic books(a main source of amusement, when I was a tad)have become literary vehicles for philosophical messages. I figure it’s all a big plot. Something probably cooked up by, um, mommies and dictators and insurance companies and people who play their boom boxes too loudly. Just to make sure that you and I are prevented from squeezing a dollop of guilt-free enjoyment from a modest amount of fermented grape juice. Mark my words, the next great leap in science won’t be in the field of cloning or DNA research or rocket science. What they’ll do is develop a way to turn a big juicy standing rib roast into a pinch of tasteless grey protein-packed powder you can sprinkle on a piece of white bread and have for dinner. Remembers: just because we’re paranoid don’t mean they ain’t out to get us. 21.When the author says,“the world is run by grownups, and they’re busy taking the fun out of everything,”he means to say____ A. they are busy making fun to their people B. they have become more and more friendly to their people C. they are doing things disregard of the ways things develop themselves D. they are occupied everyday with trivial instead of key issues of the world 22.In Paragraph 2 and 3 the author wants to say that___ A. people nowadays become more interested in science matters B. the researchers nowadays are more interested in developing all the good-for-you stuff C. some people want to find things which are beneficial the their health D. people nowadays tend to overstate and publicize what they have done 23.The word“cook up”(in Paragraphs 5)probably is used in the context means___ A. food-prepared B. falsely-prepared C. concocted D. carefully done 24.Which of the following can be a proper summary of the last paragraph of the passage? A. The world will soon be made unbelievable by the groundless cook-up miracles and wonders B. There will be more and more people in the world who will become cheaters C. There will be more and more people who will be able to create what seemed impossible years ago D. Nobody knows what the future world would be like with the fast development of modern science and technology. 25. The tune of the author in this passage sounds____ about what he says. A. fully confident B. highly positive C. fully suspicious D. emotionally discriminative Passage Two One hundred boats bearing one million desperate uninvited immigrants set sail from the Ganges(恒河)for the fabled coast of the French Riviera. They are totally destitute and have decided that their only chance of survival is in a country with a conscience that traditionally welcomes refugees from the Third World. Their journey will take 50 days. In France, the news is trumpeted with pride by the liberal media, churchmen and the left-wing activists. Favorable media echoes are heard all over Europe. Political leaders and the armed forces fumble for the common policies. Publicly, French authorities praise the intrepid voyagers. Privately, they exchange ideas on how they can divert one million hungry souls to other shores. A trendy French radio journalist, Albert Dufort, sees the makings of a historical redistribution of wealth between the First and Third Worlds.“We’re all from the Ganges now,” he proclaims. Schoolchildren write essays eulogizing latter day“sans culottes.” The theme is picked up and sweeps across the continent. As the armada makes it through the Straits of Gibraltar, panic sets in. The inhabitants of the French Riviera begin to flee north. The president of France orders the armed forces deployed along the coast. They are told their mission is to defend the country against the now imminent invasion of one million poverty-stricken people from the Ganges. But with ears glued to their transistor radios, they heed Dufort’s call not to oppose the landings. They desert en masse. Police open jail cells before shedding their uniforms and hotfooting it home to take care of their families. Terrified by what he was wrought, Dufort heads for Switzerland in his expensive sports car, but he is recognized en route and murdered. As hundreds of thousands of revolutionary students travel south to greet their Ganges brothers. Unbeknownst to the welcoming throngs of idealists, the Ganges multitudes are coming to settle scores with the wealthy West that has kept them subjugated without hope of better life. They hate the West their leaders said had robbed them of the higher standard of living they are entitled to. The one million Ganges folk are not alone. Millions of others are monitoring their progress from all over the Third World and plan to follow them to the Promised Land. Thus the Third World conquers modern industrialized societies, but not before much mayhem and unspeakable carnage and atrocities. 26.That part of the sentence“a country with a conscience that traditionally welcomes refugees from the Third World”probably means___ A. a country showing sympathy for the refugees from the Third World B. a place with clean conscience that all men in the world should be equal in every way C. a nation that shares the same tradition with the third world countries D. a state that strongly believes that all refugees should be treated as human being 27.From Paragraph Two it can be inferred that____ A. France is the unique country that shows unconditional sympathy for the Indian refugees B. France intends to make the refugee problem politically publicized for its own benefit C. Some French people actually hate the intrusion of so many refugees form the Ganges D. Political leaders and the armed forces are particularly enthusiastic in receiving the refugees 28. All of the following about Paragraph 3 are true EXCEPT that___ A. Albert Dufort sees the large size emigration from the Ganges is a historical redistribution of wealth between the First and Third Worlds B. The theme on the large size emigration from Ganges is reported widely across the European continent C. Albert Dufort believes that even his own country-fellows are also originated from the Ganges D. Schoolchildren write compositions showing their shock at the historical move of immigrants 29. What happened to the trendy French radio journalist, Albert Dufort, according to the passage? A. He was recognized as a famous reporter after the historical move of immigrants B. He was killed for some unknown reason C. He believed that he was also an immigrant from India D. Tens of thousands of students travel south to greet him 30.From the last paragraph it can be concluded that___ A. The author of the passage believes that the Third World will conquer the modern industrialized societies in the near future B. The author of the passage reveals his doubtful attitude toward the historical move of the Indian emigrants C. The author of the passage thinks that there won’t be any more large-scaled move from the Third World to the industrialized countries D. The author of the passage thinks highly of what France has done in receiving the one million desperate uninvited immigrants Passage Three Back in Seattle, around the corner from the Discovery Institute, Stephen Meyer offers some peer-reviewed evidence that there truly is a controversy that must be taught. “The Darwinists are bluffing,” he says over a plate of oysters at a downtown seafood restaurant. “They have the science of the steam engine era, and it’s not keeping up with the biology of the information age.” Meyer hands me a recent issue of Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews with an article by Carl Woese, an eminent microbiologist at the University of Illinios. In it, Woese decries the failure of reductionist biology—the tendency to look at systems as merely the sum of their parts—to keep up with the developments of molecular biology. Meyer says the conclusion of Woese’s argument is that the Darwinian emperor has no clothes. It’s a page out of the antievolution playbook: using evolutionary biology’s own literature against it, selectively quoting from the likes of Stephen Jay Gould to illustrate natural selection’s downfalls. The institute marshals journal articles discussing evolution to provide policymakers with evidence of the raging controversy surrounding the issue. Woese scoffs at Meyer’s claim when I call to ask him about the paper. “To say that my criticism of Darwinists says that evolutionist have no clothes,” Woese says , “is like saying that Einstein is criticizing Newton, therefore Newton physics is wrong.” Debates about evolution’s mechanisms, he continues, don’t amount to challenge to the theory. And intelligent design “is not science. It makes no predictions and doesn’t offer any explanation whatsoever, except for ‘God did it.’” Of course Meyer happily acknowledges that Woese is an ardent evolutionist. The institute doesn’t need to impress Woese or his peers; it can simply co-opt the vocabulary of science—“academic freedom,” “scientific objectivity,” “teach the controversy”—and redirect it to a public trying to reconcile what appear to be two contradictory scientific views. By appealing to a sense of fairness, ID finds a place at the political table, and by merely entering the debate it can claim victory. “We don’t need to win every argument to be a success,” Meyer says. “We’re trying to validate a discussion that’s been long suppressed.” This is precisely what happened in Ohio. “I’m not a PhD in biology,” says board member Michael Cochran. “But when I have X number of PhD experts telling me this, and X number telling me the opposite, the answer is probably somewhere between the two.” An exasperated Krauss claims that a truly representative debate would have had 10,000 pro-evolution scientist against two Discovery executives. “What these people want is for there to be a debate,” days Krauss. “People in the audience say, Hey, these people sound reasonable. They argue, ‘People have different opinions, we should present those opinions in school.’ That is nonsense. Some people have opinions that the Holocaust never happened, but we don’t teach that in history.” Eventually, the Ohio board approved a standard mandating that students learn to “describe how scientists continue to investigate and critically analyze aspects of evolutionary theory.” Proclaiming victory, Johnson barnstormed Ohio churches soon after notifying congregations of a new, ID-friendly standard. In response, anxious board members added a clause stating that the standard “does not mandate the teaching or testing of intelligent design.” Both sides claimed victory. A press release from IDNet trumpeted the mere inclusion of the phrase intelligent design, saying that “the implication of the statement is that the ‘teaching or testing of intelligent design’ is permitted.” Some pro-evolution scientists, meanwhile, say there’s nothing wrong with teaching students how to scrutinize theory. “I don’t have a problem with that,” says Patricia Princehouse, professor at Case Western Reserve and an outspoken opponent of ID. “Critical analysis is exactly what scientists do.” 31.Stephen Meyer seems to be criticizing Darwinists because____ A. the evidence for their theories is peer-reviewed B. they were born in the age of steam engine C. their theories are already out of date D. they can not catch up with the information technology 32.What does Woese mean when he answers back for his remark “...evolutionists have no clothes?” A. His criticism of Darwinists should not be understood as the denial of it. B. Clothes themselves are not what evolutionists are interested in. C. Einstein is right when he is criticizing Newtonian physics. D. Einsteinian physics is an improvement on Newtonian physics. 33. Why did Meyer initiate the debate between him and Woese as he claimed? A. To make it possible the alternative use of the vocabulary of science. B. To reconcile what appear to be two contradictory scientific views. C. To claim victory for the views which are so significant. D. To establish the soundness of a discussion that’s been long suppressed. 34. What does the “exasperated Krauss” mean when he talks about the audience? A. He disagrees there should be a representative debate. B. He stresses that what these people require is reasonable. C. He insists that different opinions should be presented in school. D. He rejects the idea that we should teach whatever is presented. 35. Which of the following is NOT one of the responses to the standard approved by Ohio board? A. Many of ID scholars expressed friendly-welcome to the standard. B. Some anxious board members suggested an additional clause. C. IDNet understood the standard as a permission of teaching or testing of intelligent design. D. Pro-evolution scientists claimed that critical analysis is exactly what scientists should do. Passage Four Changes in art and cultural history have never been easy to assimilate to political or economic changes. But perhaps we have enough evidence to show that particular subideologies, combined with or supported by a bureaucratic upsurge, have caused, or been associated with, what appear to be downhill trends. Different generations naturally engender different styles. No harm in that. Still, it can be argued that some fashions in the field are less troublesome than others. In a analysis of this sort, one can not exclude subjectivity. When a writer finds spokesman of a new generation not susceptible to his or other’s earlier work, several nations may occur to him. First, that tastes change. To judge art and culture is indeed, in part, to make a more subjective assessment of the aesthetics, which is of taste. And if one asserts that a current trend or current trends are negative, one is, of course, open to the report that, in various epochs, changes of tastes have emerged deplored by the representatives of earlier trends but later seen as having their own value. True, but it is equally true that some striking and popular new art has soon proved no more than a regrettable and temporary fad. Moreover, our cultural people, in the sense of producers of the arts defined as creative, are now in a strong and unprecedented relationship with the bureaucratic world discussed earlier. Of course, there is no reason to think that sections of the intelligentsia are any sounder on the arts than politics or history. And, here again, they, as a phenomenon, form a personnel of the state apparatus proper, there is now such a superfluity of the artistically and literally “educated” class that their very number is part of the means of coping with, and employing part of, the product. There comes to a point, hard to define specifically but more or less obvious, when a regrettable general impression is unarguably convincing—well, not “unarguably,” yet beyond serious debate. Still, an organism, or a polity, may present faults seen as lethal that are in practice comfortably contained and do not require therapy. Nor would one want there to be any implied use of power from outside institutions or individuals. Even apart from analytics, a great deal of nonsense has been talked or written about art, or rather Art. Some reflections seem to be in order. The question of what constitutes “art,” and what distinguishes good from less good art, is an old one. We can be certain that humanity was creating what we call art long before the word or the concept existed. And—a further complication—how is it that we all accept that some Paleolithic paintings are among the best of their kind and excel by any standards? Well, not all; there are presumably those who are beyond such acceptance. And in considering the paintings of Lascaux, Altamira, and elsewhere, the question arises: What did their creators think they were doing? Not decorating—they did not live in the caves. So why did those men go deep into them, too deep to see, and paint by the light of cedar wicks set in grease-filled hollow stones? Why are the hooves of many, but not all, the cattle shown in twisted perspective? “Magic” is a word often used of all this. But it is indisputable that this was not the “hunting magic” found in later, and more distant, “primitive” depictions. “Religious” is also often applied. But magic or religious in what way ? We simply don’t know—but one thing seems obvious: they did not think of their painting as something called “art.” This point was reinforced a few years ago by an interview with a Nigerian village sculptor of some fine formal statuettes. I suppose you would call them. Asked why he carved them, he could only reply that this is what he did. 36. Human beings are creative and art existed before___. A. politics and economics B. sub-ideologies C. the notion of it D. a bureaucratic upsurge 37. A. They are creative producers of arts. B. They are connected with the government. C. They are part of an important social institution. D. They are the educator of arts and literature. 38. What does the forth paragraph imply? A. People tend to disagree with each other seriously. B. One’s opinion is not debatable if regrettable. C. Political organizations often have serious faults. D. Conflicts can not be solved with the use of power. 39. The motivations for Paleolithic paintings can be explained from all the following perspective EXCEPT____ A. decorating B. magic C. religion D. art 40 Which of the following notions may occur to a writer when he feels that his early work has no more influence on a new generation? A. Art culture are indeed of the aesthetics. B. The affirmation of a trend is the negation of other trends. C. Art and culture involve the aesthetic assessment. D. Some new trend is more than a short-lived fad Part Ⅲ. Translation(30 points) Translate the following two short paragraphs into Chinese.(10 points) 1. We do not make mistakes on the basis of race or color. We don not make them because we are male or female, young or old. We do no make mistakes of choice or judgments because we want to make mistakes. We make them because we are human. Mistakes, bad judgments, the stupid things we do are all a part of being human. We cannot hide from who we are. We should not hide from what we do. When we acknowledge our mistakes or errors and face up to our human shortcomings, no one can use them against us. 2. We are first and foremost responsible to and for ourselves. We can help other people. We can assist other people. What we cannot do is make what we do for others or others do for us more important than what we do for ourselves. When we find something or someone creating in our lives something we don not want, we must muster the courage and strength to tell them to stop it. When we do, we preserve our sense of self. Translate the following two paragraphs into English.(20 points) 几年前我认识一个非常聪明但任性的中国青年，他急切地想去美国读大学，但又没有被他申请的长春藤合会名牌大学录取。所幸的是，一所在美国人，特别是受过高等教育的美国人当中享有盛誉的规模较小的文科大学向他提供了奖学金，但这所大学在中国几乎不为人所知。凡是听我说起他的情况的美国人都觉得他真该高兴，然而，这位年轻人却被忧虑所困扰。这所大学的名次在他所咨询的排行榜上并不靠前，他的同学全然不知道这所学校，因此同学们的祝贺就不那么热烈了。难道这一“成功”真是个失败？他是不是该留在北京上那所录取了他的尖子大学？或者是他到了美国就转学到一所他认为原本应该接受他的名牌大学去？当启程的时间到来时，他是那么拿不定注意，乃至向朋友表示遗憾。 这是个名次多么有害的例子。要想知道什么意味着最后的大学显然是不可能的，因为每个人的标准都与别人不同；即使他们都同意某一个特定的标准，他们对一个学校的估价也往往反映出信息的不完整和个人的不同看法等问题。我也许特别关注图书馆的质量，你可能强调计算机的使用方便程度，另一个人可能觉得图书馆与计算机都不如师生的交往重要，这又该如何确定呢？ Part Ⅳ. Writing(20 points) You are to write a composition of no less than 250 words and do your composition neatly on the Answer Sheet. Your composition should be based on the following topic: What Kind of Role Should Examination Play in Education? [ Last edited by kaikaifeng on 2007-10-10 at 15:39 ] |
2楼2007-10-10 15:38:13