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Photoacoustic tomography (PAT) can create multiscale multicontrast images of living biological structures ranging from organelles to organs. This emerging technology overcomes the high degree of scattering of optical photons in biological tissue by making use of the photoacoustic effect. Light absorption by molecules creates a thermally induced pressure jump that launches ultrasonic waves, which are received by acoustic detectors to form images. Different implementations of PAT allow the spatial resolution to be scaled with the desired imaging depth in tissue while a high depth-to-resolution ratio is maintained. As a rule of thumb, the achievable spatial resolution is on the order of 1/200 of the desired imaging depth, which can reach up to 7 centimeters. PAT provides anatomical, functional, metabolic, molecular, and genetic contrasts of vasculature, hemodynamics, oxygen metabolism, biomarkers, and gene expression. We review the state of the art of PAT for both biological and clinical studies and discuss future prospects. |
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phu_grassman: 金币+2, thanks 2013-05-28 15:16:57
严雪旗(phu_grassman代发): 金币+20, 翻译EPI+1, good job. 2013-11-07 10:01:19
phu_grassman: 金币+2, thanks 2013-05-28 15:16:57
严雪旗(phu_grassman代发): 金币+20, 翻译EPI+1, good job. 2013-11-07 10:01:19
| 光声断层成像（PAT）可为包括细胞器、器官在内的各种生物结构提供多尺度多对比图像。这种新兴技术利用光声效应，克服了生物组织中光子的散射。分子的光吸收产生了热诱导下的压力骤升，并发射超声波，后者由声探测器所接收并形成影像。PAT的不同实现形式允许空间分辨率随着所需的组织成像深度而任意调整，同时维持较高的深度分辨率。经验表明，可实现的空间分辨率为所期望的成像深度的1/200级别，而期望的成像深度最深可达到7厘米。PAT可提供血管、血流动力学、氧代谢、生物标记和基因表达的解剖、功能、代谢、分子和遗传对比。我们对生物学和临床研究中的PAT先进技术的应用进行了复习，并讨论这一技术在未来的前景。 |
2楼2013-05-28 13:41:25