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求翻译英语文献一段 老虫子帮帮忙啊~~
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Non-radioactive labels such as fluorescent, chemi- or bio-luminiscent labels are being used extensively for detection of biomolecules in nanogram or microgram quantities and are replacing the traditional and accurate but intrinsically hazardous radioactive labels [1]. Recently, Jaouen and others have explored a new method for labeling protein and other biomolecules with transition metal carbonyl compounds such as Arene-Cr(CO)3 [2] and Fischer carbene complexes [3,6], etc. Fischer carbene complexes [4] are especially attractive because of their extraordinarily high reactivity towards pendent amino groups of biomolecules and characteristic strong IR signals [5] at 1900–2100 cm1 in the IR absorption where no organic molecule absorbs. However, Fischer carbene complexes are generally hydrophobic and insoluble in aqueous medium. This presents a serious bottleneck for their adaptation to biological applications. Mixtures of solvents such as water/acetonitrile have been used [6] but proteins tend to loose their conformational integrity (hence catalytic function) in such mixed medium [7] and might thus interfere with assay results. This prompted us to design and develop synthesis of water-soluble Fischer carbene complexes that are biocompatible. To impart hydrophilicity to a Fischer carbene core, it appeared to us, one could incorporate a sugar moiety [8], an ionic group like NMeþ 3 or an oligoethylene glycol/polyethylene glycol (OEG/PEG) tether (Chart 1). The present study deals with the last two possibilities. It may be pertinent to mention that incorporation of polyethylene glycol (peg) to the Fischer carbene complex would also constitute a method for the pegylation of a protein [9]. Pegylation is the process incorporating PEG chains to a molecule [10]. Pegylated drugs or proteins exhibit increased stability (more resistant to proteolysis), decreased immunogenicity and increased circulating life [11]. In some cases peg conjugation was also found to confer targeting properties to the disease site such as tumor masses by passive diffusion [12]. Effectiveness of pegylation has been demonstrated by the discovery of pegylated drugs such as PEG-IFN-a2 which, in combination with ribavirin, is considered as the gold standard of therapy for hepatitis C [13]. In the present study, we report synthesis of relatively hydrophilic Fischer carbene complexes several of which feature PEG/OEG groups. |
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6楼2013-04-27 09:41:13
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王小盼子: 金币+3, 翻译EPI+1 2013-05-08 16:26:11
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非放射性标记,如荧光,化学或 生物luminiscent标签被广泛使用 在纳克或微克分子检测 数量和正在取代传统的和准确的 但本质上危险的放射性标记的[ 1 ]。最近, jaouen和其他人已经探索了一种新方法 与过渡标记蛋白质和其它生物分子 如芳烃铬金属羰基化合物(CO)3 [ 2 ]菲舍尔卡宾络合物[ 3 ],等菲舍尔卡宾 配合物[ 4 ]是特别有吸引力,因为 他们非常高反应性对侧 生物分子和特色强氨基 红外信号[ 5 ] 1900–2100厘米 1的红外吸收 在没有有机分子吸收。 然而,菲舍尔卡宾络合物一般 在水溶液中的疏水性和不溶性。这 提出了为适应一个严重的瓶颈 生物学中的应用。溶剂如混合物 水/乙腈已经使用[ 6 ],但蛋白质往往 松散的构象完整性(因此催化 功能)等混合介质[ 7 ],因此可能 干扰试验结果。这促使我们的设计 和发展菲舍尔卡宾合成水溶性 配合物,生物相容性。具有亲水性 一个菲舍尔卡宾的核心,在我们看来,一个 可以将一个糖部分[ 8 ],离子组一样 NME与荆棘; 3或低聚乙二醇/聚乙烯乙二醇 (OEG / PEG)系绳(图1)。目前的研究 与去年的两种可能性。 可以说,将有关 聚乙二醇(PEG)的菲舍尔卡宾络合物 也构成对 聚乙二醇化的一种方法 蛋白[ 9 ]。聚乙二醇化是将PEG的过程 链分子[ 10 ]。聚乙二醇的药物或蛋白 表现出更高的稳定性(更多的抗水解), 免疫原性降低和增加循环寿命 11。在某些情况下还发现PEG共轭 赋予靶向特性的疾病如肿瘤部位 通过被动扩散[ 12 ]群众。有效性 聚乙二醇化已经被发现了 聚乙二醇的药物如peg-ifn-a2,组合 利巴韦林,被认为是黄金标准 的C型肝炎治疗[ 13 ]。在目前的 研究中,我们报告的相对亲水性的合成 菲舍尔卡宾络合物中的若干特征 聚乙二醇/ OEG组。 ©2013 Baidu 使用百度前必读|手机版|百度翻 |
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