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Fig. 1 compares the X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns of the pure sulfur, sulfur¨Ccarbon composite, and carbon black. The Super P carbon black, showing no sharp crystalline peaks, has amorphous structure. The pure sulfur and sulfur¨Ccarbon composite exhibit peaks perfectly matching with those of pure orthorhombic sulfur (JCPDS 00-008-0247). The sulfur¨Ccarbon composite shows much higher peak intensities than the pure sulfur as the dispersed nanoparticles of carbon black act as numerous deposition sites for elemental sulfur, leading to a favorable precipitation environment. This in situ sulfur deposition route thus provides an efficient means to produce high-purity sulfur composites. The microstructure of the carbon black, pure sulfur, and sulfur¨Ccarbon composite is shown in Fig. 2. The particle size of spherical carbon black is less than 100 nm. The pure sulfur contains glue-like particles with a diameter of few microns. Fig. 2(c) presents the structure of the sulfur¨Ccarbon composite in which sulfur particles are uniformly distributed throughout the network structure formed by carbon black. Carbon black partially embeds in the sulfur, and the remainder wraps around the matrix sulfur as a protective layer. This network structure confirms close contact between the conductive carbon and sulfur, providing not only excellent electron pathways for the insulating sulfur but also many adsorbent points to avoid the loss of the soluble polysulfides into the electrolyte. The TEM images in Fig. 3(a) and (b) show that the carbon black nanoparticles in the sulfur¨Ccarbon composite are chain-like, which effectively enhances the conductivity of the composite material [13]. The elemental analysis of the sulfur¨Ccarbon composite carried out by EDS is shown in Fig. 3(c), demonstrating the existence of both sulfur and carbon. |
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2Â¥2013-04-25 08:30:08
Ó´Ó´william
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3Â¥2013-04-25 10:20:35
ruiyuan121
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Fig. 1 compares the X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns of the pure sulfur, sulfur¨Ccarbon composite, and carbon black. ͼ1 ¶Ô´¿Áò£¬Ì¼Áò¸´ºÏÎïºÍÌ¿ºÚµÄXRDͼ½øÐжԱȡ£ The Super P carbon black, showing no sharp crystalline peaks, has amorphous structure. Super PÌØÃܳ¬µ¼µçÌ¿ºÚ²¢Ã»ÓгöÏÖÃ÷ÏԵĽᾧ·å£¬ËµÃ÷Æä½á¹¹²»¹æÔò¡£ The pure sulfur and sulfur¨Ccarbon composite exhibit peaks perfectly matching with those of pure orthorhombic sulfur (JCPDS 00-008-0247). ´¿ÁòºÍ̼Áò¸´ºÏÎï³öÏÖÁËÓ봿б·½¾§ÏµµÄÁòÏà·ûµÄ·å¡£ The sulfur¨Ccarbon composite shows much higher peak intensities than the pure sulfur as the dispersed nanoparticles of carbon black act as numerous deposition sites for elemental sulfur, leading to a favorable precipitation environment. ÓÉÓÚÌ¿ºÚÖзÖÉ¢µÄÄÉÃ׿ÅÁ£ÎªÁòÔªËØÌṩÁË´óÁ¿µÄ³Á»ý³¡Ëù£¬¹¹³ÉÁËÒ»¸öÁ¼ºÃµÄ³Á»ý»·¾³¡£Ì¼Áò¸´ºÏÎïµÄ·å±È´¿ÁòµÄ·åֵǿ¶È¸ü¸ß¡£ This in situ sulfur deposition route thus provides an efficient means to produce high-purity sulfur composites. Òò´ËÁòµÄÕâÖ־͵سÁ»ý·½Ê½ÎªÉú²ú¸ß´¿¶È¸´ºÏÁòÌṩÁËÒ»ÖÖºÜÓÐЧµÄ·½·¨¡£ The microstructure of the carbon black, pure sulfur, and sulfur¨Ccarbon composite is shown in Fig. 2. Ì¿ºÚ£¬´¿ÁòºÍ̼Áò¸´ºÏÎïµÄ΢¹Û½á¹¹Èçͼ2Ëùʾ¡£ The particle size of spherical carbon black is less than 100 nm. ÇòÐÎÌ¿ºÚµÄ¿ÅÁ£´óС²»×ã100ÄÉÃס£ The pure sulfur contains glue-like particles with a diameter of few microns. ´¿ÁòÖк¬ÓÐÖ±¾¶Îª¼¸Î¢Ã׵Ľº×´¿ÅÁ£¡£ Fig. 2(c) presents the structure of the sulfur¨Ccarbon composite in which sulfur particles are uniformly distributed throughout the network structure formed by carbon black. ̼Áò¸´ºÏÎïµÄ½á¹¹Èçͼ2£¨c£©Ëùʾ£¬Áò¿ÅÁ£¾ùÔÈ·Ö²¼ÔÚÌ¿ºÚµÄÍø×´½á¹¹ÖС£ Carbon black partially embeds in the sulfur, and the remainder wraps around the matrix sulfur as a protective layer. ²¿·ÖÌ¿ºÚǶÔÚÁòÖУ¬ÆäÓàµÄ°üΧÔÚÁò¾ØÕóÍⲿ×÷Ϊ±£»¤²ã¡£ This network structure confirms close contact between the conductive carbon and sulfur, providing not only excellent electron pathways for the insulating sulfur but also many adsorbent points to avoid the loss of the soluble polysulfides into the electrolyte. µ¼µç̼ºÍÁòÖ®¼äÓÉÕâÖÖÍø×´½á¹¹½ôÃÜÁ¬½Ó£¬²»½öΪ¾øÔµÁòÌṩÁËÁ¼ºÃµÄµç×Óͨ·£¬²¢ÇÒÌṩÁË´óÁ¿Îü¸½µãÒÔÒÖÖÆµç½âÒºÖпÉÈÜÁò¾ÛÎïµÄÁ÷ʧ¡£ The TEM images in Fig. 3(a) and (b) show that the carbon black nanoparticles in the sulfur¨Ccarbon composite are chain-like, which effectively enhances the conductivity of the composite material [13]. ´Óͼ3£¨a£©ºÍ£¨b£©µÄTEMͼÖпÉÒÔ¿´³ö£¬Ì¼Áò¸´ºÏÎïÖеÄÌ¿ºÚÄÉÃ׿ÅÁ£³ÊÁ´×´£¬ÀûÓÚÓÐЧµÄ¼ÓÇ¿¸´ºÏ²ÄÁϵĵ¼µçÐÔ¡£ The elemental analysis of the sulfur¨Ccarbon composite carried out by EDS is shown in Fig. 3(c), demonstrating the existence of both sulfur and carbon. ͼ3£¨c£©ÊÇͨ¹ýEDS¶Ô̼Áò¸´ºÏÎï½øÐÐÁËÔªËØ·ÖÎö£¬´ÓͼÖпÉÒÔ¿´³öÁòºÍÌ¼ÔªËØÈ·Êµ´æÔÚ¡£ ½ö¹©²Î¿¼¡¡ |

4Â¥2013-04-25 12:55:18
Ó´Ó´william
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5Â¥2013-04-25 20:39:26
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6Â¥2013-04-25 23:54:51
Ó´Ó´william
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7Â¥2013-04-26 11:40:09
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8Â¥2013-04-26 17:41:34
Ó´Ó´william
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9Â¥2013-04-26 17:44:25














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