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求翻了这几段，后面的我看着术语自己尝试
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A continuous measure of oxygen tension in fluid systems having the wide range of properties found in natural fresh and sea waters, blood, sewage, etc., has not been practicable. Polarographic devices using solid electrodes have had limited applicability to such systems becauseof electrode poisoning and high temperature coefficient. The device described overcomes the major objections to previous oxygen-measuring instruments. It is temperature-compensated and, because of the selectivity of the membrane separating the electrodes from the environment, will function satisfactorily in a wide variety of aqueous systems. It can be used with continuous recording devices or as a completely portable instrument with readout on a microammeter. TH E reduction of molecular oxygen at the dropping mercury electrode and at macro and micro solid electrodes has been reported by many investigators.The phenomenon can be either a nuisance to the polarographer who is working with substances that are reduced at potentials that also reduce oxygen, or under some circumstances, can be turned to an advantage as the basis for the determination of dissolved oxygen. In the aquatic sciences, a knowledge of the distribution of dissolved oxygen in space and time is the basis for qualitative and quantitative deductions regarding the behavior of parts of the systems. For example, Worthington (10) evaluated the oxygen data obtained in the North Atlantic Ocean during the past 25 years and concluded that the water in the deep NorthAtlantic is about 140 years old-that is, it has been about 140 years since that part of the Atlantic has received water from the surface. Information about deep ocean circulation has present-day, practical importance in evaluating the feasibility of using the deep oceans as a durnping ground for radioactive wastes. Pritchard and Carpenter (7) combined knodedge concerning oxygen distributions and current velocities measured in existing empoundments to predict the behavior of empoundments not yet constructed. Such considerations are important in regulating the extent to which dissolved oxygen may be depleted by users of streams and rivers. |
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2013-03-26 09:03:03, 576.54 K
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