|
|
[资源]
【转贴】Ｌ•Ｇ•亚历山大：习好英语１６条(中英文）【已搜索无重复】
非常经典的16条建议，希望能给各位虫友有所启发^_^
Ｌ•Ｇ•亚历山大：习好英语１６条！（英文版）
L. G. Alexander：16 Tips on English Learning
1. Learning a language means learning a skill, not acquiring knowledge. You test your command of a foreign language by your ability to perform in it, not by how much you know about it. Performance refers to your ability to understand, speak, read and write. Knowledge refers mainly to grammar rules and vocabulary.
2. So avoid reading anything that you know is too difficult for you. Reading should be a pleasure, so the texts should be within your range.
3. If you read enough, you will find that you will acquire a large vocabulary without needing to turn to the dictionary all the time.
4. If you are reading an argument, make notes on the points "for" and "against". Once you have these notes, use them to give a little talk in English which attempts to recreate what you have just read. Alternatively, use the notes to "say the text to yourself" as a mental exercise. You will soon get into the habit of not only reading in English, but thinking in English as well. Thinking in a foreign language is an indispensable requirement of fluency.
5. You should read as widely as you can. You don't want to read pieces which are mainly about language and language learning, so try to read articles in general magazines (either local or international).
6. The best way to give up smoking is to stop smoking cigarettes, etc. The best way to eat less is to start eating less. The best way to read an article is to read it.
7. Writing a summary of something you have read is excellent practice.
8. Keeping a diary is an excellent way of improving your written English for the following reasons: 1) It is constant practice. 2) You are writing about true experiences. 3) Writing a diary gives you constant practice in three writing styles: narration, description and reflection.
9. Remember, there are two kinds of vocabulary: receptive and productive. Receptive vocabulary refers to the words you can recognize and understand but can't necessarily use. Productive vocabulary refers to the words you know and can use with confidence.
10. It's totally pointless learning grammar for its own sake.
11. Sentence structure is the way we show the relationship between ideas and events.
12. The most important thing to do with a dictionary is really to use it, above all when you are reading. Use it till you know your way round it and enjoy what it offers you.
13. Reading a newspaper is the very best thing you can do to improve your English. Don't set yourself too much reading so you become discouraged. Read a little from a newspaper every day. It will put you in touch with a whole range of subjects in good modern English.
14. I would say you have to discount your native language. Interference from your native language is the biggest barrier to acquisition. ... You have to unlearn the habits you have acquired in your native language in order to master the habit you need to speak a foreign language. This is very difficult and accounts for the different foreign varieties of English you hear round the world (Frenglish, Spanglish, Chinglish, etc.): the native language is asserting itself in English and "interfering" with acquisition. Interference occurs in all areas: pronunciation, stress and intonation, grammar, vocabulary as well as ways of thinking, ways of problem-solving. Even misunderstandings among nations are often the direct product of this kind of interference.
15. Listening comprehension is the key to the command of any foreign language. That's one of the reasons why it's so difficult to learn on your own.
16. Any communicative or practical use of English is better than study in grammar for its own sake. ... Whatever you do, don't study grammar in isolation.
----------------------------------------------
Ｌ•Ｇ•亚历山大：习好英语１６条！（中文版）
1. 学习语言是熟习一种技能，而不是钻研一门知识。外语水平的高低不在于你了解多少有关这门语言的知识，而在于你如何去熟练地去运用这种技能——听（理解），说、读、写——的能力，而知识则主要是指语法规则和词汇量。
2. 因此要避免读一些对自己来说太难的东西。阅读是一种乐趣，其内容应该在你的能力范围之内。
3. 如果你读的足够多，你就会发现就算是不经常翻词典，你也能掌握很大的词汇量。
4. 如果读的是一篇议论文，你应该把正反论点用笔都标记出来，像“for”、“against”这种带有明显语言提示的单词。记下来之后可以试着用你刚刚所读到的东西做一个小小的英文演讲。另外，你也可以利用刚刚的这些笔记来把这篇议论文“自己和自己”说一遍，就像一场“舒筋活脑”练习。很快，你就不仅能读英语，而且能形成用英语来思考的习惯。而用外语来思考是你能流利运用此外语来表达的必须要求。
5. 你的阅读面要尽量的广一些，我想你不会只想读那些关于语言（学）和学习语言的文章。所以呢，试试看一般杂志上面的通俗文章，当地或国际的都行。
6. 戒烟的最好办法就是不再去碰烟；减肥的最好办法是马上停止暴食；而（养成）阅读（习惯）的最好办法则是马上去读。
7. 对你所读过的东西常写写摘要是一种非常好的练习。
8. 经常写日记是改进你英文写作能力的一种绝佳途径，因为： 1)这是一种持续性的练习； 2）你写的都是你的真情实感； 3）写日记能持续提升你在叙述、描写和抒发感想这三方面的写作技巧。
9. 记住，有两种词汇：receptive和productive。Receptive Vocabulary是指那些你能认能读（理解）但不必去用的；而Productive Vocabulary则指那些你不仅能完全了解而且能充满自信地去运用自如的。
10. 为了语法而学语法是愚不可及、不可救药的。
11. 句型结构是我们用来展现观点和事实间关系的途径。
12. 当你阅读时，首要且最最重要的在于你拿到词典后要真真正正地去用它。直到你对它了如指掌并享受它所给你带来的一切。
13. 看报是你所能做的去提升你英语水平的最好的事情！不要累到自己灰心丧气，每天读报一点点，这就能让你接触到当今英语世界的全方位内容。
14. 我要说的是，你必须尽力消除母语的影响。掌握外语的最大障碍来自母语的干扰。你必须忘掉母语中的表达习惯，努力去掌握你所学外语的表达习惯。这是非常困难的，也正因为这样，你会听到世界各地各式各样的英语（法式英语，西式英语，中式英语……）。母语的影响在外语学习中时时存在，并干扰着你对外语的掌握。这种干扰体现在很多方面：发音、重读、语调、语法、词汇以及思维和解决问题的方式，甚至各民族间的误解也源于此。
15. 听力是掌握任何一门外语的关键，这也是它为什么自学起来如此困难之原因所在。
16. 练习交际性、实用型的英语比单单学语法有效得多，不管怎样，千万别孤立的去学习那迂腐的语法。
---------------------------------------------- |
|
回复此楼
290求调剂
已经有7人回复
