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子时至尊木虫 (著名写手)
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[求助]
(急)几段期刊论文翻译!!
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Freezing processes Two freezing processeswere applied: air-blast freezing (conventional method) was performed in a pilot freezer (Servathin, Poissy, France) at −30 °C using an air speed 4 m/s, during 2 h (AF samples); pressure shift freezing (PSF samples) was carried out in a 3.5 L reactor unit (ACB Pressure Systems, Nantes, France) equipped with temperature and pressure regulator device. The temperature of the transmittingmedium (ethanol/water 50/50 %v/v) was maintained at −18 °C. Samples were placed in the vessel and the pressurewas increased to 200 MPa at a rate of 3 MPa/s.When the temperature of samples reached−18 °C, pressure was rapidly released (2 s) to initiate the nucleation process. After depressurization, samples were left in the vessel for completion of the freezing under atmospheric conditions. Microstructure analysis Small pieces (approximately 5×5×10mm) were cut transversally to the fibers of frozen muscle inside a chamber at −20 °C. The isothermal freeze substitution technique (Martino & Zaritzky, 1986) was carried out with some modifications in these samples to visualize the size and location of the ice crystals. Pieces (3 pieces/sample, 2 samples/system) were placed in a fixative solution at −20 °C (Carnoy solution: 60% ethanol absolute, 30% chloroform, and 30% glacial acetic acid). In the case of unfrozen samples (F), cuts and fixation were performed in a chamber at 5 °C. After fixation (24–48 h), samples were brought to room temperature, dehydrated with ethanol absolute (2 h), ethanol:toluene (50:50 %v/v) overnight and treated with toluene (4– 5 h). Dehydrated samples were consecutively immersed in toluene/ paraffin solutions of increasing paraffin concentration at 60 °C (1 h each) and in paraffin pure (2 h). Finally, samples were embedded in paraffin in small molds. Ten μm thick sections (4 sections/piece) were obtainedwith amicrotome (SM-2000-R, LeicaMicrosystems, Bensheim, Germany) and fixed to glass plates with glycerin albumin inwater (1/ 25 v/v), heating at 57 °C to melting the paraffin. After paraffin removing (toluene, twice, 10 min), solvent elimination (ethanol absolute) and rehydration (ethanol:water and pure water), sections were stained. First, samples were treated for 2 min with Orange G (0.5 g Orange G, 1 ml acetic acid, 99 ml distilled water, filtered at 0.45 μm), which stained muscle proteins orange. After washing with distilled water, a second staining with Aniline blue for 2 min (0.01 g Aniline blue, 1 ml acetic acid, 99 ml distilled water, filtered at 0.45 μm) was performed (for collagen staining) (Chéret, Chapleau, Delbarre-Ladrat, Verrez-Bagnis & Lamballerie, 2006). Stained sections were mounted with Eukitt (Labonord, France). Observations were carried out in a microscope (Leica DML, Germany) equipped with a CCD RGB camera (MACC-C71, Sony, Japan). |
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子时
至尊木虫 (著名写手)
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3楼2012-10-20 18:43:54
1234liang
木虫 (正式写手)
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【答案】应助回帖
★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★
爱与雨下: 金币+1 2012-10-19 21:28:01
子时: 金币+5, 翻译EPI+1, ★★★很有帮助, 谢谢 2012-10-19 23:06:16
Carena: 金币+25, 金币代发 2012-11-26 22:52:44
爱与雨下: 金币+1 2012-10-19 21:28:01
子时: 金币+5, 翻译EPI+1, ★★★很有帮助, 谢谢 2012-10-19 23:06:16
Carena: 金币+25, 金币代发 2012-11-26 22:52:44
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冷冻过程 两个冻结过程被应用到:空气鼓风冻结(常规方法)使用先进的冷冻器( Servathin ,法国,Poissy )在-30℃下使用的空气速度为4米/秒,约2小时; 压力移位冷冻( PSF样本)在一个3.5升的反应器单元(ACB压力系统, Nantes,法国)执行,配备温度和压力调节器。转变媒介 (乙醇/水的50 / 50%体积/体积)的温度保持在-18 ℃。样品被放置在容器里和压力 以3兆帕/ s的速率增加到200兆帕。当样品温度达到18 ° C时,压力在两秒钟内 迅速释放开始成核过程。减压后,将样品留在容器中,在大气条件下完成冻结。 ( ⊙o⊙ )哇太长了! |

2楼2012-10-19 21:18:49
1234liang
木虫 (正式写手)
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【答案】应助回帖
★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★
子时: 金币+20, ★★★很有帮助, 非常感谢~~ 2012-10-21 22:31:42
Carena: 金币+1, 感谢应助,欢迎常来~ 2012-10-22 12:42:47
子时: 金币+20, ★★★很有帮助, 非常感谢~~ 2012-10-21 22:31:42
Carena: 金币+1, 感谢应助,欢迎常来~ 2012-10-22 12:42:47
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好吧!给你翻一下吧!你大致看看!记得给金币哦! 微观结构分析 小片(约5×5 ×10mm的)于-20℃下的腔室内部,冷冻肌肉纤维被横向的切断。等温冻结取代技术(马蒂诺及Zaritzky 1986 )在这些样品中进行了一些修改为了适应可视化的冰晶体的大小和位置。样品( 3片/ 样本,2个/系统)被放置在在-20℃ (卡诺溶液: 60%无水乙醇, 30%氯仿, 30 %冰乙酸固定液酸)。至于解冻的样品(F),在一个腔室中进行在5 ℃下削减和固定。样品固定后( 24-48小时) ,然后拿至室温,用无水乙醇( 2小时) ,乙醇:甲苯(50:50 %体积/体积)中过夜脱水,并用甲苯(4 - 5小时)处理。连续脱水的样品浸渍在甲苯/链烷烃的溶液中增加石蜡的浓度,在60℃下(每只1小时) ,并在石蜡中纯的( 2小时) 。最后,将样品在小型模具中嵌入石蜡。 10微米厚的部分是从显微镜下观察到的 ( SM-2000 -R , Leica Microsystems ,本斯海姆,德国) (4节/件)并且,固定在玻璃板与甘油白蛋白水中( 1/25 V / V) ,加热到57°C熔化的石蜡。石蜡去除后(甲苯,两次,10分钟) ,消除(无水乙醇)和补液溶剂(乙醇:水和纯净水) ,切片进行染色。首先,样品用Orange G( G, 0.5克橙1毫升醋酸,99毫升蒸馏水,过滤0.45微米)前处理2分钟,把肌肉蛋白质染色成橙色,持续2分钟。用蒸馏水洗涤后, 在用苯胺蓝(0.01克苯胺蓝, 1毫升乙酸,99毫升蒸馏水中,在0.45微米的过滤)进行了染色2分钟(胶原染色) , ( Chéret ,普洛, Verrez - Bagnis Lamballerie , 2006年) 。染色部分被安装在Eukitt ( Labonord ,法国) 中的显微镜(Leica DML,德国)的配备的CCD RGB摄像头(MACC -C71 ,索尼,日本)下进行了观察。 |

4楼2012-10-21 20:17:32
xiaoyingwv
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5楼2012-10-22 15:30:53













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