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[交流] SCI论文写作体会----散100金币贺首篇SCI论文接受！

本人5月3日投出初稿，7月7日返回修改意见。3个审稿人，审稿意见都包含“well written”，但同时也提了不少修改意见，包括语言和技术方面的。编辑给的是小修，期限一个月。认真仔细按审稿意见修改半个月后7月21日再次投出，24日接收。虽然论文接收前心里很紧张，但真正确认接收后倒也平静。只要努力，只要坚持，总会有收获的！
学校在985高校排名前四，毕业条件比较高。从两年前选择读博，就感觉到道路不会平坦，但家庭的变故还是让我始料未及。博一是在虚晃中度过的，也曾经有过放弃的念头，一直挣扎着。博二开始静下心来，舔舐着自己的伤口，努力投入到学习中去。非常感谢我的导师，给我提供一个很好的科研课题。同时，导师也是负责的，我们的东西他总是认真修改。
其实无论在哪里读博，关键还是得靠自己。以前本科和硕士学的都是机械设计，而博士课题是材料加工，跨度是比较大的。因此，提升自己的内在实力的第一步就是要多看论文。先从国内的中文论文开始，尽管中文论文水平有限，但这些绝对可以让你恶补基础知识。SCI论文的研究方法，结果和讨论都比较有深度，必须尽量多看。刚开始看不懂是很正常的，但当你看多了，自然也就懂了。这是一个渐进的过程，相信这个过程。在大量的文献阅读后，尽量写一篇文献综述，开始也许是比较粗糙的。但随着文章阅读的积累，你会发现这篇文献综述好像永远都写不完。一开始你什么都不懂不重要，重要的是你要从文献阅读中知道你懂了哪些，哪些不懂。
英文写作一直是我们的难点。有些人先写中文，再翻译成英文。有些人直接写英文。当然，这取决于你的水平。我的体会是：如果英文水平确实不高，第一次还是先写中文，然后再翻译。第一次我就是使用GOOGLE在线翻译，尽管错误很多，但可以帮你构建句子框架。在论文的修改稿中，我就直接用英文修改审稿人提出的意见。通过几篇论文的磨砺，已经可以直接用英文写了。
在写作的过程中，有幸阅读了一位兄弟的文章，对我的英文论文写作帮助很大。我想它对其它弟兄姊妹可能也会有用，所以将它参考出来。
一是平时多积累。我在日常读文献的时候，如果发现很好的句子句式，都会记录在一个文档里面，如下面的一段话，就是我在一篇文章的摘要中发现的：
This paper describes the concept of sensor networks which has been made viable by the convergence of microelectro-mechanical systems technology, wireless communications and digital electronics. First, the sensing tasks and the potential sensor networks applications are explored, and a review of factors influencing the design of sensor networks is provided. Then, the communication architecture for sensor networks is outlined, and the algorithms and protocols developed for each layer in the literature are explored. Open research issues for the realization of sensor networks are also discussed.
文章用词忌重复，中文如此，英文亦然。特别是动词的使用，如在一段话中出现了几个相同的动词，感觉文章就跌价不少，而如果用了几个意思相近而又贴切的词，自然就会增色几分。如上文中的describe，explore，provide，outline和discuss，就使得文章有了文采，值得学习和收藏。坚持收集例句，素材多了，自然自己的造句的时候就有底子了。此外，还要注意，在收集例句的过程，随着例句的增多，也需要对例句进行整理和分类，方便学习和检索。
二是注意行文中Transition words的使用。Transition words就是在行文过程中，连接意义相关句子的词，如Therefore，thus，in particular等等。使用这些词，会使得文章连贯性好，逻辑性强，读起来一气呵成，自然会给审稿人好印象。下面是一个关于Transition words的一个总结，供各位虫友参考：
Transitions Study Sheet
Transitions for time:
before, afterward, after, next, then, as soon as, later, until, when, finally, last, meanwhile, during, at times, sometimes, oftentimes
Example: WWII broke out in Europe in 1939.  During this time the United States remained neutral.  It wasn’t until 1941, after Japan bombed Pearl Harbor, that the United States entered the war.  After its entry, it was only a matter of time before the Allies defeated Germany and the Axis powers.
Transitions for place:
in the background, in the distance, beyond, behind, above, below, in front of, elsewhere, in the middle, to the left, to the right
Example:  My favorite painting is Botticelli’s Birth of Venus.  In the middle of the painting stands Venus, the Roman goddess of love, standing on a seashell.  She floats majestically above the beautiful water below her.  To her left a figure representing wind blows fierce clouds of wind in her direction.  To her right a figure behind her attempts to cover her with a blanket and protect her.  It is a truly breath-taking piece of art.
Transitions for examples:
for example, for instance, as an example, like, specifically, consider as an illustration, that is, such as, similar, similarly
Example:  Oftentimes people who study from history fail to learn from the mistakes of the past.  For example, during WWII Hitler decided to invade Russia just before wintertime.  This decision was the same decision Napoleon made over a hundred years earlier, and Hitler’s army met a similar fate.  Had he learned from his history, Hitler might have avoided making this costly mistake and the outcome for the war might have been different.  For instance, if Hitler had decided to invade England by sea rather than Russia by land, he might well have won the war.
Transitions for emphasis:
chiefly, equally, indeed, even more important, in particular, most important, without a doubt, indubitably, unquestionably, definitely
Example:  Without a doubt, Chinese food is one of my favorite cuisines.  Although I find Japanese and Thai food equally delicious at times, Chinese food is definitely my favorite Asian cuisine.  In particular I enjoy the spicy Szechuan style of cooking commonly found in Chinese food.
Transitions for restatement:
in short, that is, in effect, in other words
Example:  When I asked my girlfriend to marry me she said, in effect, that she wouldn’t be ready for marriage until after she completed her PhD program.  At first I was crushed, that is, I felt like she said no because she didn’t love me anymore.  However, after she explained her reasons to me I felt better and agreed with her.  In other words, I came away feeling better than I had anticipated.
Transitions for comparison:
similarly, likewise, also, the same as, different than, opposite, unlike, instead
Example:  When my older brother was deciding where to go to college he spoke to my father about where he should go.  Not surprisingly he went to the same school my father did, MIT.  When it was time for me to choose a college I did the exact opposite.  I didn’t ask my father where I should go, and as a result, I didn’t also go to MIT like he and my brother did.  Instead I went to UCLA.
Transitions for concession:
although, of course, admittedly, true, doubtless, granted that, no doubt, indubitably, without a doubt, definitely, certainly
Example:  Some people might be surprised to learn that the two most successful NBA teams of all-time are the Boston Celtics and the Los Angeles Lakers.  Although neither of these teams is very good right now, they are the two teams with the most champions in NBA history.  The Celtics definitely had the best streak of these two teams; winning eight championships in a row at one point.  Admittedly there is always the chance that some future team could break this record, but this seems unlikely.  Of course no one can predict the future with any certainty.
Transitions for consequence:
thus, so, then, it follows, as a result, therefore, hence, consequently, accordingly, because
Example:  I’m sorry, but I can’t let you turn in your homework late because it wouldn’t be fair to the other students.  As a result your grade has dropped lower and you are now failing the class.  Consequently you need to get 100% on the final so you can pass the class and then graduate from CAS.  Therefore, I suggest you study very hard so I don’t have to fail you.  Good luck!
Transitions for conclusion:
to sum up, in summary, finally, therefore, thus, in conclusion, to conclude
Example:  Finally, Beijing has a lot of nice places to shop that appeal to tourists.  To sum up then, Beijing is a wonderful place to visit because it has beautiful parks and historical monuments, friendly people and lots of nice places to shop.  Thus any travelers who are planning to come to China should definitely visit Beijing during their stay.
Transitions for addition:
furthermore, in addition, besides, next, first, second, moreover
Example:  UCLA is a wonderful university to attend as an undergraduate.  First, it is respected academically and is well-known for its high standards of education.  Furthermore, UCLA has a strong network of alumni who often recruit students to come work for them.  Moreover students who do such work as undergraduates often receive jobs with these same companies once they graduate.  In addition to these two benefits, UCLA also has exciting sports teams that are fun to watch.  Besides, with so many good reasons to go to UCLA, why would you want to go anywhere else?
我的第三条经验就是句酷网站，www.jukuu.com，一个专门找例句的网站，也许有些虫友也知道。我们写文章的时候，很自然会想到一些中文的表达方法，但是常常苦于找不到贴切的英文表达，查电子词典，往往凑出来的句子也是面目全非。句酷网站提供了一个很好的查找例句的渠道（不是广告奥，呵呵），你可以通过中英文关键字，找到很多例句。比如，我想说“值得指出的是”，在句酷里面查了一下，找到了如下几个句子：
It is worth emphasizing that...
it is worth pointing out that ...
A point worth emphasizing is that...
感觉都还不错，都可以选用。更为关键的是，这些例句一般都会有出处，这样就可以根据例句内容和出处来选择比较地道的表述了。
  以上是虫友Commonman在小木虫上发表的，版权属于Commonman。
另外，本人加一些关于“解释”的开头语，在我的论文中使用比较多。
This is caused by, This may be due to that, This is due to the fact that, It is due,          This may(can) be explained as follows, This is because, Because of, Since, As, et al.
感谢小木虫所提供的交流平台，感谢虫友们及时帮我解决论文中碰到的一些问题。祝大家能取得心中所预想的成绩，也祝福我的另两篇论文顺利接收！

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