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If there is any later exposure to the same allergen, the allergen can bind to the IgE molecules heldon the surface of the mast cells. Cross-linking of the IgE and Fc¦ÅRI occurs when more than one IgE-receptor complex interacts with the same allergenic molecule, and activates the sensitized cell, triggering a signal transduction pathway. Activated mast cells undergo a process called degranulation, during which they release histamine and other inflammatory chemical mediators including proteoglycans, proteases, leukotrienes, prostaglandins and cytokines, which are already present or synthesized anew, from their granules into the surrounding tissue, causing several allergic reactions, such as vasodilation, nerve stimulation, mucous secretion, and smooth muscle contraction. |
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