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The goal of this work was to develop a general method for intermolecular electron-rich heterocycle arylation by aryl chlorides. The pioneering work in this field was performed by Ohta and co-workers. They demonstrated that indoles, furan, thiophene, benzofuran, and benzothiophene can be arylated under palladium catalysis. Subsequently, other groups have extended this methodology to the arylation of a number of heterocycles by using palladium or rhodium catalysis.However, this methodology still suffers from some deficiencies. First, for some heterocycles to be successfully arylated, stoichiometric amounts of copper salt additives are necessary.Second, most methods allow the arylation of only a few types of heterocycles thus limiting the scope of the methodology. Third, in most cases, either aryl bromide or aryl iodide reagents are used. Cheaper and generally more available aryl chlorides have been used only rarely,andtheir use often is limited to activated substrates, for example,chloropyrazines.We report here a general method for theintermolecular arylation of electron-rich, five-membered heterocycles by aryl chlorides. |
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电分析化学
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爱与雨下: 金币+1 2012-04-30 08:59:49
爱与雨下: , 节日快乐 2012-04-30 09:00:00
张超峰: 金币+40, 翻译EPI+1 2012-05-01 17:33:05
爱与雨下: 金币+1 2012-04-30 08:59:49
爱与雨下: , 节日快乐 2012-04-30 09:00:00
张超峰: 金币+40, 翻译EPI+1 2012-05-01 17:33:05
| 这项工作的目标是建立氯代芳烃富电子的杂环分子芳基化的一般方法。Ohta 及其同事在这一领域做了开拓性工作。他们论证了吲哚，呋喃，噻吩，苯并呋喃，噻吩在钯催化下可以芳香化。随后，其他小组用钯或铑催化将这种方法拓展到了大量杂环化合物的芳基化。然而，这种方法仍然存在一些不足之处。首先，一些成功芳香化了的的杂环，一定化学计量的铜盐添加剂是必要的。第二，大多数方法允许只有少数种类杂环芳基化从而限制了该方法的范围。第三，在大多数情况下，使用芳基溴或芳基碘试剂。更便宜，一般提供更多的氯代芳烃已很少使用，其使用往往只能有限地激活底物，例如，氯吡嗪 。我们在这里报告的一般方法为芳基富电子矿物分子，五元杂环芳基氯化物。 |
2楼2012-04-29 20:23:32
