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Introduction
In recent years, the number of students choosing to study
chemistry at university has substantially decreased (van
Driel 2005; Bennett et al. 2005; Schwartz 2006; Gilbert
2006; King 2007). However, some efforts on the context-
based approach have gradually been changing this declin-
ing  trend to ascending  one. But some of the problems
facing chemistry education are still available: the chemistry
curricula are overloaded with content (Gilbert 2006; Pilot
and Bulte 2006a), the weak linkage between real life and
scientific  knowledge  (Gilbert 2006;  Demirciog˘lu  et  al.
2009; Stolk et al. 2009a), students¡¯ difficulties in trans-
ferring chemical knowledge to different contexts (Gilbert
2006), a failure to see the reasons for studying chemistry
(Gilbert 2006; Demirciog˘lu et al. 2009; Stolk et al. 2009b),
chemistry curricula that are isolated from society and the learner (Stolk et
al. 2009a), the passive involvement of   students in  the learning process (Stolk et al. 2009a), the failure to inculcate scientific literacy between students who
will not continue to study the subject (Gilbert 2006), and a
predominantly traditional chemistry education emphasiz-
ing the memorization of facts, theories and rules (Stolk
et al. 2009a).

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