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小木虫论坛-学术科研互动平台» 学术交流区» 论文翻译 » 论文翻译求助完结子版 » 请大家帮忙看下翻译有哪些错的地方！
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南桥小流

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[求助] 请大家帮忙看下翻译有哪些错的地方！

噻虫胺是一种高效、低毒、新型、环境友好、杀虫谱广的新烟碱类杀虫剂。近些年来，噻虫胺在世界很多国家、地区已经被推广使用，自进入国内以来，在一些地区进行了试施用，取得了很显著的效果。它作为新型高效低毒的杀虫剂，国内市场需求非常大，但是目前国内合成噻虫胺的工艺水平还不完善。因此,论文研究工作对噻虫胺的合成工艺进行了一定的研究，对实验条件进行了优化，从而为降低噻虫胺的生产成本，实现工业化生产打下基础。本论文开展了以下研究工作：
1．以2，3-二氯丙烯、硫氰酸钠为起始原料，经取代、加成、合环、消去等反应等得到5-氨甲基-2-氯噻唑。得到了合成5-氨甲基-2-氯噻唑的较佳工艺条件：第一步：2，3-二氯丙烯和硫氰酸钠的摩尔比是1：1，100℃反应8h得到1-异硫氰酸基-2-氯-2-丙烯；第二步：1-异硫氰酸基-2-氯-2-丙烯和磺酰氯的摩尔比是1：1.05，45℃反应3h得到2-氯-5-氯甲基噻唑；第三步：2-氯-5-氯甲基噻唑和氨水的比为1：5，70℃反应4h得到5-氨甲基-2-氯噻唑。产品纯度98%，总收率62.6%。产品经1HNMR、LC-MS、IR谱确证为5-氨甲基-2-氯噻唑。
2．以尿素、硫酸二甲酯为起始原料，经甲基化、硝化得到产品O-甲基-N-硝基异脲。合成O-甲基异脲的较佳条件为：尿素和硫酸二甲酯的摩尔比为1.3：1，70℃下反应4h得到产品。产品纯度99%，总收率43%。产品1HNMR、LC-MS、IR谱确证为O-甲基-N-硝基异脲。
3．以5-氨甲基-2-氯噻唑和O-甲基-N-硝基异脲，经缩合得到O-甲基-N-(2-氯-5-噻唑基甲基)- N'-硝基异脲，将该化合物再与甲胺经取代反应得到目标产物噻虫胺。O-甲基-N-(2-氯-5-噻唑基甲基)- N'-硝基异脲的合成较佳工艺为：5-胺甲基-2氯噻唑和O-甲基-N-硝基异脲的物料配比是1：1.1，在室温下反应8h。纯度98%，二步总收率为65.1%。产品经HNMR、LC-MS、IR分析方法得到确定为噻虫胺。
4．以2，3-二氯丙烯、尿素、甲胺等为原料经几步反应得到噻虫胺，总收率为40.7%(以起始原料2，3-二氯丙烯计算噻虫胺的理论值)。该工艺反应条件温和、成本较低，具有工业化前景。
Clothianidin is a new type neonicotinoids of high efficiency，low toxicity，environmentally friendly and broad insecticidal spectrum．In recent years, Clothianidin have been used promotly in many countries and regions，since the access to domestic，the use of in some areas and the test applied to obtain the desired results significantly．As a new type of high efficiency and low toxicity insecticides，domestic market demand is very large，but the current level of technology synthetic Clothianidin is not perfect in the domestic．Therefore，we intend to Clothianidin the synthesis of some research to optimize the experimental conditions，thereby reducing the a Clothianidin the production cost of industrial production to lay the foundation for Clothianidin. In view of this，based on literature survey，the studies in this thesis are summarized as follows：
1．2，3 – dichloropropene，sodium thiocyanate as the starting material，by substitute、addition、losed loop、elimination reaction get 5-aminomethyl-
2-chlorothiazole. The optimum conditions for synthesis of 5-aminomethyl-
2-chlorothiazole were that： the first step：2，3-dichloropropene and sodium thiocyanate (with the molar ratio of 1:1) at 80℃ for eight hours，the product is 1-isothiocyanate-2-chloro-2-propylene；secondly：1-isothiocyanate-2-chloro
-2-propylene and sulphonyl chloride (with the molar ratio of 1:1.05) at 45 ℃ for three hours，get 2-chloro-5-chloromethylthiazole；third：2-chloro-5-chloromethylthiazole and ammonia (with the molar ratio of 1:5) at 70℃ for four hours，the product is 5-aminomethyl-2-chlorothiazole. The purity of the product was 98%，with the total yield of 62.6%．1HNMR，LC-MS and IR spectra confirmed that the product was 5-aminomethyl-2-chlorothiazole．
2．O-methyl-N –nitroisourea was prepared from urea and dimethyl sulfate，with Methylation、nitration action．The optimum conditions for synthesis of O- methyl isourea： urea and dimethyl sulfate（the molar ratio of 1.3:1）at 70 ℃ for four hours，get product．The purity of the product was 99% , with the total yield of 43%．1HNMR，LC-MS and IR spectra confirmed that the product was O-methyl-N -nitroisourea．
3．O-methyl-N-(2-chloro-5-thiazolylmethyl)-N'-nitroisourea was synthesized with 5-aminomethyl-2-chlorothiazole and O-methyl-N-nitroisourea as raw materials，  then reacted  with   methylamine，   then 1-(2-chloro-5-thiazolymethyl)-3
-methyl-2-nitroguanidine，also named clothianidin．The optimum condition  O-methyl-N-(2-chloro-5-thiazolylmethyl)-N'-nitroisourea for synthesis of  5-aminomethyl-2-chlorothiazole and O-methyl-N-nitroisourea at room temperature for eight hours．The purity of the product was 98%，with the total yield of 65.1%．1HNMR，LC-MS and IR spectra confirmed that the product was clothianidin．
4．Clothianidin was synthesized in five steps from 2,3-dichloropropene，urea ，methylamine，etal，as raw materials．The total yield was 40.7% (calculation from the starting material 2，3- dichloropropene). The process has the mild reaction conditions，lowe cost，with the industrialization prospects．
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1楼 2012-04-03 09:28:29
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benmao_mogu

铁杆木虫 (著名写手)

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南桥小流: 金币+20, ★有帮助, 不错 2012-04-03 17:07:21
Mally89: 金币+1 2012-04-03 21:20:39
Clothianidin is a new type neonicotinoid insecticide of high efficiency，low toxicity and contamination, and broad insecticidal spectrum．In recent years, Clothianidin has been promptly used in many countries and regions. Significant effects have been made in some regions since its access to domestic. As a new type insecticides with high efficiency and low toxicity ，demands in domestic market are very large，but the current level of synthetic technology in Clothianidin is not perfect．Therefore, some investigations are made for the synthesis of Clothianidin in this paper to optimize the experimental conditions，thereby to reduce the cost of the process cost, then to get ready for the industrialization. Studies in this thesis are summarized as follows：
楼主 后面的是你的专业知识 本人不太熟悉~也就没有信心给你翻译好 只能给你翻译第一段~楼主还是要好好学习英语啊~呵呵 感觉这应该不是你自己翻译的~
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不拼搏，怎能享受美好生活
2楼2012-04-03 10:03:10
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Luckyman2012

木虫 (知名作家)

优秀版主

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南桥小流: 金币+10, ★有帮助, 谢谢提醒 2012-04-03 17:07:08
英文中不能出现中文的逗号！
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走别人的路，让自己去说吧……
3楼2012-04-03 10:27:01
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money4u

至尊木虫 (著名写手)

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南桥小流: 金币+80, 翻译EPI+1, ★★★很有帮助, 很犀利的翻译，小弟不胜感激， 2012-04-03 17:06:52
Mally89: 金币+2 2012-04-03 21:20:50
化合物专业名称没问题，工艺名称没问题的前提下，试修改如下：
－－－－－－－－－－－－

As a new type of neonicotinoid insecticide, clothianidin has characteristics of high efficiency，low toxicity，environment-friendly and broad insecticidal spectrum．It has been promoted  in many countries and regions in recent years. The test application results of it in some areas in China have showed that the effectiveness is significant．There will be a great demands for the product in domestic market for its performance. However, the synthetic technology of the product is not perfect for industrialization in China. In order to reduce the cost of production and to lay a firm foundation for industrialization of the product, we have optimized the process conditions by experiments. The main works of the research are summarized as follows：
1．We use 2,3-dichloropropene，sodium thiocyanate as primary materials to get  5-aminomethyl-2-chlorothiazole by substitute, addition, losed loop, elimination reactions.  We have obtained a optimum process conditions for synthesis of 5-aminomethyl-2-chlorothiazole. The procedures are：(1) to get 1-isothiocyanate-2-chloro-2-propylene from 2,3-dichloropropene and sodium thiocyanate (with molar ratio of 1:1) at 80℃ for 8 hours; (2) to get 2-chloro-5-chloromethylthiazole from 1-isothiocyanate-2-chloro-2-propylene and sulphonyl chloride (with molar ratio of 1:1.05) at 45 ℃ for 3 hours; (3) to get 5-aminomethyl-2-chlorothiazole from  2-chloro-5-chloromethylthiazole and ammonia (with molar ratio of 1:5) at 70℃ for 4  hours. The purity of the product is 98% and the yield is 62.6%．The final product is 5-aminomethyl-2-chlorothiazole confirmed by means of 1HNMR，LC-MS and IR spectra.

2．O-methyl-N-–nitroisourea is prepared from urea and dimethyl sulfate by methylation and nitration process. The optimum conditions for the synthesis process are: the molar ratio for urea and dimethyl sulfate is 1.3:1, reaction temperature is 70 ℃, and reaction time is  4 hours. The purity of the product is 99% and the yield is 43%, and the product is also confirmed by means of 1HNMR，LC-MS and IR spectra．
3．O-methyl-N-(2-chloro-5-thiazolylmethyl)-N'-nitroisourea is synthesized with prepared 5-aminomethyl-2-chlorothiazole and O-methyl-N-nitroisourea,  then reacts  with   methylamine to get the objective clothianidin (chemical name is 1-(2-chloro-5-thiazolymethyl)-3-methyl-2-nitroguanidine)．Ratio 1:1.1 for 5-aminomethyl-2-chlorothiazole and O-methyl-N-nitroisourea , room temperature,  8 hours are considered the optimum conditions  for the synthesis of  O-methyl-N-(2-chloro-5-thiazolylmethyl)-N'-nitroisourea．The purity of the final product reaches 98% and the total yield for the two processes is 65.1%, and the final product is confirmed by means of 1HNMR，LC-MS and IR spectra.
4．Clothianidin can be obtained from 2,3-dichloropropene, urea, methylamine, etc. by several synthesis processes. The total yield can reach 40.7% (calculated from raw materials 2,3-dichloropropene). The optimized process has advantages of mild reaction conditions and lower cost etc., and has a perspective future for industrialization.
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4楼2012-04-03 15:46:40
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